For Consequentialism, one of these extreme cases could be called Transplant.
Most debates about research ethics reduce to disagreements between Consequentialism and deontology.
Both Consequentialism and deontology offer important ethical insight,
but each can be taken to absurd extremes.
Finally, Consequentialism and deontology are ethical frameworks that have
been developed by philosophers for hundreds of years.
Unlike other forms of Consequentialism, such as egoism and altruism, utilitarianism considers the interests of all beings equally.
Utilitarianism is a form of Consequentialism, which states that the consequences of any action are the only
standard of right and wrong.
Consequentialism suggests that even a seemingly evil act
can be morally right if it leads to good outcomes for the most people.
One solution to these debates would be for social
researchers to develop a consistent, morally solid, and easy-to-apply blend of Consequentialism and deontology.
Likewise, secular moral frameworks like humanism and Consequentialism have long countered the notion that we can't
be ethical beings unless we believe in God as well.
These four ethical principles of Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice, and Respect for Law and Public Interest are themselves largely
derived from two more abstract ethical frameworks: Consequentialism and deontology.