Likewise, Zingales argues,“In a socialist economy, the political system controls business;
Despite all of these commendable features, Zingales's book is not without some blemishes.
Zingales's reform program would certainly make
the U.S. a more just and prosperous society.
Moreover, isn't Zingales asking for the wolves to pass laws that benefit the sheep?
Unlike his predecessor's, Zingales's reform measures are far more
consistent with the tenets of a free society.
A key feature of the book is Zingales's reminder that being pro-market is different from being pro-business.
Lastly, Zingales hits a winning note by stressing the role of culture,
norms, and ideas- rather than just institutional reform- in social and political change.
What's more, Zingales nicely explains how some policies that are
not efficient from a strict economic standpoint may nonetheless be good because of their political consequences.
However, for Zingales,“the benefits conferred by meritocratic capitalism are
neither as great nor as widespread as they once were” and“this change weakens political support for the market system.”.
In short, Zingales did not want the United States
to turn into his home country- Italy- with its disabling crony capitalism, something he saw taking root in American finance.
To allow individuals to take risks and
invest in themselves“when the consequences of failure are very harsh,” Zingales also supports a safety net of forgiving bankruptcy laws,
unemployment insurance, and job retraining.
With all of these reforms, Zingales desires simple rules rather than complex ones that
invite chicanery- thus, despite the economic arguments against separation of commercial and investment banking, he favors such simple designs as Glass-Steagall.
Fast forward to today, and we see another Chicago economist, Luigi Zingales, confronting another economic crisis
and likewise trying to put capitalism back on the right path in his book, A Capitalism for the People.
Although his discussion of these factors reads a bit awkwardly and
at times seems incomplete compared to his other proposals, Zingales should be praised for bringing these concepts on stage
and encouraging us to think more about them.
In recognizing the danger of bigness- especially big business tied to big government- while hoping to meet the threat
with greater respect for markets and freedom, Zingales fuses many of the best parts of the“old” and“new” Chicago Schools.