Iv in A Sentence

    1

    A custom by the religious to obtain exemption for lands let to their tenants by means of bulls from the pope was put an end to by a statute of Henry IV.

    2

    A diagnosis covering all the Ratitae (struthio, rhea, casuarius, dromaeus, apteryx and the allied fossils dinornis and aepyornis) would be as follows - (i) terrestrial birds without keel to the sternum, absolutely flightless; (ii) quadrate bone with a single proximal articulating knob; (iii) coracoid and scapula fused together and forming an open angle; (iv) normally without a pygostyle; (v) with an incisura ischiadica; (vi) rhamphotheca compound; (vii) without apteria or bare spaces in the plumage; (viii) with a complete copulatory organ, moved by skeletal muscles.

    3

    A distinction (chap. 2) is drawn between things which are predicates of a subject (Kae' U?oKEi b tevov) and things which inhere in a subject (iv U7roKEL ivC J); and, while universals are called predicates of a subject, things in a subordinate category, i.e.

    4

    A few years later William of Malmesbury adds a love adventure at Cordova, a compact with the devil, the story of a speaking statue that foretold Gerbert's death at Jerusalem - a prophecy fulfilled, somewhat as in the case of Henry IV.

    5

    A fight between the Colonna and the Orsini, as well as hopeless dissensions among the cardinals, prevented a papal election for two years and three months after the death of Nicholas IV.

    6

    A full account of the different Cornelii Lentuli, with genealogical table, will be found in Pauly-Wissowa's Realencyclopeidie, iv.

    7

    A little later, when Montfort was committed to opposition, Henry foolishly accepted from Innocent IV.

    8

    A pamphlet written to propose a substitute for the system of impressment in 1822 is said to have offended King William IV.

    9

    A papal confirmation was obtained from Alexander IV.

    10

    A picturesque sketch of the Pilgrims of IV alsingham appeared in 1835, two volumes of Tales and Stories from History in the following year.

    11

    A short time afterwards the militant party among the Protestants suffered a heavy loss by the death of their leader, John Casimir, whose policy, however, was continued by his nephew and pupil, the elector Frederick IV.

    12

    A similar line of action was followed by Frederick IV.

    13

    A small fort was erected on the site of Fredericia by Christian IV.

    14

    A space of over 200 acres to the east of the palace is covered by the park, which is traversed by a canal dating from the reign of Henry IV.

    15

    A third, roughly parallel to the shore of Cardigan Bay, with forts at Llanio and Tommen-y-mur (near Festiniog), connected the northern and southern roads, while IV.

    16

    About 1367 she married Sir Hugh Swynford (1340-1372), a Lincolnshire man, by whom she had a son, Thomas (c. 1 3 68 - 1 433), who was a friend and companion of Henry IV.

    17

    About 1479, probably with reason both suspicious and jealous, James arrested his brothers, Alexander, duke of Albany, and John, earl of Mar; Mar met his death in a mysterious fashion at Craigmillar, but Albany escaped to France and then visited England, where in 1482 Edward IV.

    18

    Accordingly, Edward III., by letters patent, granted them for ever the town and borough, a privilege confirmed by Edward IV.

    19

    Acts iv.

    20

    Actual vases of late Minoan style have been found with remains of Dynasty XVIII., especially in the town of Amenophis IV.

    21

    Adalgis, the son of Desiderius, who was residing at Constantinople, hoped the emperor Leo IV.

    22

    Af ter the death of her husband, by whom she had no children, she married Henry of Albret, king of Navarre; and thus the count 563 ship of Armagnac came back to the French crown along with the other dominions of Henry IV.

    23

    After a period of retirement at Fonte Avellana, he proceeded in 1069 as papal legate to Germany, and persuaded the emperor Henry IV.

    24

    After a severe struggle for academical recognition they were finally admitted to all the privileges of the university by a bull of Alexander IV.

    25

    After a short apostasy, during which he supported Henry Raspe, landgrave of Thuringia, Conrad returned to the side of the Hohenstaufen and aided Conrad IV.

    26

    After being repeatedly transferred from the one power to the other, according to the preponderance of Bohemia or the empire, the town and territory were finally incorporated with Bohemia in 1350, after the Bohemian king became the emperor Charles IV.

    27

    After exile in various places Basin proceeded to Rome and renounced his bishopric. At this time (1474) Pope Sixtus IV.

    28

    After her death he married Eadgyfu (Odgiva), daughter of Edward the Elder, king of the English, who was the mother of Louis IV.

    29

    After some desultory fighting Henry IV.

    30

    After spending some time in Rome he visited eastern Europe, and subsequently made the acquaintance of Segur Pardaillan, a representative of Henry, king of Navarre, afterwards Henry IV.

    31

    After studying law he practised at Paris as an advocate, but, having met with no great success, entered the church, and soon gained the highest popularity as a preacher, rising to the dignity of canon, and being appointed preacher in ordinary to Marguerite, wife of Henry IV.

    32

    After the 17th of April D first occurs in the calendar (Table IV.) at the 19th.

    33

    Again, the heretical Egyptian king Amenophis IV.

    34

    Alexander, son of Donald, resumed the hereditary warfare against the Scottish crown; and in 1462 a treaty was concluded between Alexander's son and successor John and Edward IV.

    35

    Although he never received the imperial crown, he is sometimes referred to as the emperor Louis IV.

    36

    Although Henry was careful to claim the crown in his own right (1485), he soon fortified that claim by marrying Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Edward IV.

    37

    Amalfi is first mentioned in the 6th century,and soon acquired importance as a naval power; in the 9th century it shared with Venice and Gaeta the Italian trade with the East, and in 848 its fleet went to the assistance of Pope Leo IV.

    38

    Among all the eight passages mentioned above, the most valuable is that from the Eudemian Ethics (A 8), which discriminates extraneous discourses and philosophical (Kai ie rois i wTEpLKOLS XIyocs Kai iv roas Kara 4cXoac41av, 1217 b 22-23); and it is preceded (A 6, 1216 b 35-37 a 17), by a similar distinction between foreign discourses (h¦Xorpioc Aoyoc) and discourses appropriate to the thing (oiKEioc Aoyoc Tor, 7rpayp,aros), which marks even better the opposition intended between dialectic and philosophy.

    39

    An erroneous derivation of the word pascha from the Greek ircthx iv, " to suffer," thus connected with the sufferings or passion of the Lord, is given by some of the Fathers of the Church, as Irenaeus, Tertullian and others, who were ignorant of Hebrew.

    40

    An excellent harbour is furnished by the natural channel between the two islands; and communication from one division to the other is afforded by two bridges - the Langebro and the Knippelsbro, which replaced the wooden drawbridge built by Christian IV.

    41

    An illustration of the badge of the order with ribbon is given on Plate IV.

    42

    Analogous to this convention was the concordat concluded between Nicholas IV.

    43

    Anastasius died on the 3rd of December 1154, and was succeeded by Cardinal Nicholas of Albano as Adrian IV.

    44

    Another attempt to transport Torstensson and his army to the Danish islands by a large Swedish fleet was frustrated by Christian IV.

    45

    Another difficulty lies in the words "and thou shalt come even to Babylon" in iv.

    46

    Another fair was granted to John de Molyns in1347-1348on the eve, feast and morrow of St Barnabas, but in 1464 Edward IV.

    47

    Any plane figure might be converted into an equivalent trapezette by an extension of the method of § 25 (iv).

    48

    As for his theology, its leading factors were - (i.) the teachings of the apologists; (ii.) the philosophy of the Stoics; (iii.) the rule of faith, interpreted in an anti-Gnostic sense, as he had received it from the Church of Rome; (iv.) the Soteriological theology of Melito and Irenaeus; (v.) the substance of the utterances of the Montanist prophets (in the closing decades of his life).

    49

    As soon as Ignatius had died Paul IV.

    50

    Assyria again appeared upon the scene under Tiglath, pileser IV.

    51

    Assyria grew in power at the expense of Babylonia, and a time came when the Kassite king of Babylonia was glad to marry the daughter of Assur-yuballidh of Assyria, whose letters to Amenophis (Amon-hotep) IV.

    52

    At first Louis supported Otto IV.

    53

    At ten years of age Edmund was invested by Pope Alexander IV.

    54

    At the 25th session (4th December 1563) this committee of the council was reported to have completed its work, but as the subject did not seem (on account of the great number and variety of the books) to admit of being properly discussed by the council, the result of its labours was handed over to the pope (Pius IV.) to deal with as he should think proper.

    55

    At the partition of 1544 the old château of Gottorp, originally built in 1160 for the bishop, became the residence of the Gottorp line of the Schleswig-Holstein family, which remained here till expelled by the Danish king Frederick IV.

    56

    Baldwin raised them to great prosperity by his energy and foresight, and chiefly as a result of the active political and military support he rendered to the emperors Henry VII., Louis the Bavarian and Charles IV.

    57

    Before she was six years old negotiations were opened, which dragged on for several years, for marrying the princess to James IV.

    58

    Biography, with authorities there collected; lives in Wood's Athenae Oxonienses (Bliss), iv.

    59

    Bordeaux [2], iv.

    60

    Burnaburyas, who reigned 2 2 years, carried on a correspondence with Amenophis IV.

    61

    But both mind and body had been enfeebled by captivity, and his son Alexius IV.

    62

    But his fame had reached the ears of the papal legate in England, Guy de Foulques, who in 1265 became pope as Clement IV.

    63

    But its claims were disposed of when (amongst other facts) it was observed that at book iv.

    64

    But Nef'i could revile as well as praise, and such was the bitterness of some of his satires that certain influential personages who came under his lash induced Murad IV.

    65

    But Wratyslaus of Bohemia speedily appealed to the emperor for help, and a war between Poland and the Empire was only prevented by the sudden rupture of Henry IV.

    66

    By her first husband she had no children, by her second a son who died in infancy, and a daughter, Jeanne d'Albret, who became the mother of Henry IV.

    67

    C. the Cappadocian Hatti were already in relations, generally more or less hostile, with a rival power in Syria, that of Mitanni; and Subbiluliuma (= Saplel or Saparura), king of these Hatti, a contemporary of Amenophis IV.

    68

    Campbell, who also discusses the subject in Popular Tales of the Western Highlands, iv.

    69

    Casimir's last political act was the conclusion of a fresh alliance with Louis of Hungary against Charles IV.

    70

    Casting lots to determine this question, the lot fell upon the sixth brother, George (1582-1641), who was a prominent soldier during the period of the Thirty Years' War and saw service in almost all parts of Europe, fighting successively for Christian IV.

    71

    Champlain returned to France and again related to Henry IV.

    72

    Charles of Valois at once entered into possession of the countship of Anjou, to which Philip IV.

    73

    Charles tried to form a party in Italy in support of the pope against the emperor Louis IV.

    74

    Communal independence had probably been acquired as early as the end of the 10th century, but the first of the popes to reside in Orvieto and to recognize its communal administration was Hadrian IV.

    75

    Connected with this is a part of the royal palace erected by James IV.

    76

    Daniel, Esther, i Esdras, Josephus), the historical narratives are of the scantiest and vaguest until the time of Artaxerxes, when the account of a return (Ezra iv.

    77

    Davout entered Warsaw on the 30th of November, being followed by the V., IV.

    78

    Destiny sat on Carmen's lap and Alex held her arm while the pediatric nurse inserted an IV.

    79

    During the 1 rth century the Thuringians refused to pay tithes to Siegfried, archbishop of Mainz, and this was probably one reason why they joined the rising of the Saxons against the emperor Henry IV.

    80

    During the confusion of the civil war carried on by Otto IV.

    81

    During the fourteen years (1492-1506) which separate the reigns of Casimir IV.

    82

    During the negotiations with the emperor Tiberius Chosroes died in 579, and was succeeded by his son Hormizd IV.

    83

    During the regency of the' duke of Sudermania (1792-1796) Fersen, like all the other Gustavians, was in disgrace; but, on Gustavus IV.

    84

    During the Wars of Religion, the Huguenots repeatedly made unsuccessful attempts to seize the fortress, which opened its gates to Henry IV.

    85

    Dying in 1339, Henry left an only son, John I., who died childless in the following year, when the emperor Louis IV, by 1392.

    86

    Educated at the Lycee Corot, and the Rcole Normale he was successively professor of philosophy at the Lycee d'Angers 1881-3, at the Lycee de Clermont 1883-8, at the College Rollin 1888-9, at the Lycee Henry IV.

    87

    Educated by William of Tyre, Baldwin IV.

    88

    Egbert was a rival of the emperor Henry IV.

    89

    Egyptian chronology is unfortunately imperfect; but Professor Petrie, who has paid particular attention to the subject, and who assigns the reign of Amen-hotep IV.

    90

    Elulaeus IX., in Assyrian Lull, who ruled under the name of Pylas, was king of Tyre, Sidon, and other cities at this time (c. 725-690), and at the beginning of his reign suffered from an invasion by Shalmaneser IV.

    91

    Emerging from his solitude Rienzi journeyed to Prague, which he reached in July 1350, and threw himself upon the protection of the emperor Charles IV.

    92

    Enormous were the difficulties of Casimir IV.

    93

    Eric died in 1436 and was followed by his brother Bernard IV., whose claim to exercise the electoral vote was quashed by the electors in 1438; and who was succeeded by his son John IV.

    94

    Father Braun (Liturgische Gewandung, p. 457) gives a picture of a seal of Charles IV.

    95

    Few of the poems can be dated with certainty, but those that can, with the exception of iv.

    96

    Finocchiaro, La Rivoluzione siciliana del 1848-49 (Catania, 1906, with bibliography), in which Filangieri is bitterly attacked; see also under NAPLES; FERDINAND IV.; FRANCIS I.; FERDINAND II.; FRANCIS II.

    97

    First of all John is bidden to come up into heaven and see the things that should be hereafter, the vision of iv.

    98

    Five years later the council of Basel by a strange decision elected Amadeus pope, in spite of his not being a priest, and deposed Eugenius IV.

    99

    For a few months Mustafa was replaced on the throne; when he abdicated in L, favour of his nephew Murad IV.

    100

    For a time Albert allied himself with Philip IV.

    101

    For a time the church belonged to Fontevrault Abbey in Normandy; but it was made over by Edward IV.

    102

    For further details see Pausanias iv.; Polyaenus ii.

    103

    For general studies, see Schenkel's Bibel-Lexicon, iv.

    104

    For his attempts at verse see Walpole's Royal and Noble Authors (1806), iv.

    105

    For other documents and modern authorities see under HENRY IV.

    106

    From 1604 to 1612 he studied at the school of La Fleche, which Henry IV.

    107

    From the year 1425 the provinces were desolated by party wars among the lesser nobles (parientes mayores) but these came to an end in 1460-1498, when Henry IV.

    108

    Further charters were granted by Henry IV.

    109

    Gebhard had been a leading opponent of the emperor Henry IV.

    110

    Gltickstadt was founded by Christian IV.

    111

    Guiraud, members of the French school at Rome, began the publication of the registers of Urban IV.

    112

    Harran was clearly closely associated with Asshur in the rights and institutions that were the subject of so much party struggle in the new Assyrian empire that began with Tiglath-pileser IV.

    113

    Having entered the church he became rector of Ripple, Worcestershire, and later of St Vedast, Foster Lane, London, and it was probably when he was chaplain to John de Vere, earl of Oxford, that he made the acquaintance of Elizabeth Woodville, afterwards the queen of Edward IV.

    114

    He accompanied the mission under Friar Ascelin, sent by Pope Innocent IV.

    115

    He accompanied, and wrote the history of, the Dominican embassy;under Friar Ascelin or Anselm, which Pope Innocent IV.

    116

    He also edited Coeli et siderum in eo errantium observationes Hassiacae (1618), containing the astronomical observations of Landgrave William IV.

    117

    He also persuaded the new ruler to inaugurate, as King Humbert I., the new dynastical epoch of the kings of Italy, instead of continuing as Humbert IV.

    118

    He also wrote biographies of Frederick the Great and Frederick William IV.

    119

    He appears to have been a blind Lothian man, in humble circumstances, who had some reputation as a story-teller, and who received, on five occasions, in 1490 and 1491, gifts from James IV.

    120

    He died in 1297 and was succeeded by his son, Frederick IV.

    121

    He died in 1460, leaving five sons, the two elder of whom, John IV.

    122

    He died in October 1439, and was succeeded by his kinsman Frederick, duke of Styria, who became German king as Frederick IV.

    123

    He extended his influence by the subjugation of Marseilles in 1257, then one of the most important maritime cities of the world, and two years later several communes of Piedmont recognized Charles's suzerainty In 1262 Pope Urban IV.

    124

    He had three sons and four daughters, and was succeeded by his eldest son Charles; one of his daughters, Jeanne, became the wife of Henry IV.

    125

    He himself was an alchemist; and believing the transmutation of metals to be a possibility, he carried out experiments in the hope of effecting it; and he was instrumental in obtaining the repeal, in 1689, of the statute of Henry IV.

    126

    He knew very well that the theologians of his church almost without exception held that the handing over of the paten and chalice with the words, " Receive power of offering sacrifice," &c., were the essential matter and form of ordination to the priesthood; indeed he published the decree of Eugenius IV.

    127

    He left three sons - his successor, James IV.; James Stewart, duke of Ross, afterwards archbishop of St Andrews, and John Stewart, earl of Mar.

    128

    He lived with the exiled court of Margaret of Anjou at Bar until 1470, and took an active part in the diplomacy which led to the coalition of Warwick and Clarence with the Lancastrians and Louis XI., and indirectly to Edward IV.'s expulsion from the throne.

    129

    He paid frequent visits to the court of his godfather the emperor Frederick II., and his loyalty to Frederick and to his son Conrad IV.

    130

    He related his adventures to Poggio Bracciolini, secretary to Pope Eugenius IV.; and the narrative contains much interesting information.

    131

    He secured full ownership of the county of Avignon through purchase from Queen Joanna (9th of June 1348) and renunciation of feudal claims by Charles IV.

    132

    He soon showed himself intolerant of any rivals, and acting in the name of the two kings (for Roxana gave birth to a son, Alexander IV.) sought to hold the empire together under his own hand.

    133

    He spent a few years in Picardy, and was still abroad when, in 1491, Bothwell's mission to secure a bride for the young James IV.

    134

    He was accused of desiring to make himself pope; more probably he thought of serving as a papal condottiere against the emperor Henry IV.

    135

    He was chosen king of the Lombards at Pavia, and crowned emperor at Rome in February 9 01 by Pope Benedict IV.

    136

    He was conspicuous in the agitation raised by the so-called Orange plot to set aside King William IV.

    137

    He was created cardinal-bishop of Ostia in 1078 by Gregory VII., to whom he displayed such loyalty, especially as papal legate in Germany (1084), that he was imprisoned for a time by Henry IV.

    138

    He was educated at the College of Henry IV.

    139

    He was educated at the Lycee Henri IV.

    140

    He was elected German king at Frankfort on the 30th of January 1349 by four of the electors, who were partisans of the house of Wittelsbach and opponents of Charles of Luxemburg, afterwards the emperor Charles IV.

    141

    He was employed by Edward IV.

    142

    He was finally compelled to take up arms against his Kumanian friends, whom he routed at Hodmezd (May 1282) with fearful loss; but, previously to this, he had arrested the legate, whom he subsequently attempted to starve into submission, and his conduct generally was regarded as so unsatisfactory that, after repeated warnings, the Holy See resolved to supersede him by his Angevin kinsfolk, whom he had also alienated, and on the 8th of August 1288 Pope Nicholas IV.

    143

    He was followed by Paul IV.

    144

    He was hanged and burned, probably in pursuance of the secret agreement between the pope and the emperor; and Adrian IV.

    145

    He was now one of the most powerful sovereigns of Europe, for besides ruling over Provence and Anjou and the kingdom of the Two Sicilies, he was imperial vicar of Tuscany, lord of many cities of Lombardy and Piedmont, and as the pope's favourite practically arbiter of the papal states, especially during the interregnum between the death of Clement IV.

    146

    He was raised to the throne by the magnates who had rebelled against Hormizd IV.

    147

    He was succeeded by Anastasius IV.

    148

    He was the real founder of the Parthian empire, which was of very limited extent until the final decay of the Seleucid empire, occasioned by the Roman intrigues after the death of Antiochus IV.

    149

    He went to Rieti, where the new pope Nicholas IV.

    150

    He would have nothing to say to the revolutionaries who in 1809 deposed Gustavus IV.

    151

    Hence arose a double negotiation between him and Eugenius IV.

    152

    Henceforth the policy of France was directed by Richelieu, who took up in its main features the system of Protestant alliances and opposition to the power of Austria and Spain, which had been begun by Henry IV.

    153

    Henry IV., who had been crowned king in nthiorlty 1054, was at first in charge of his mother, the empress of Henry Agnes, whose weak and inefficient rule was closely IV.

    154

    Henry's only son was Edward, prince of Wales (1453-1471), who, having shared the many journeys and varying fortunes of his mother, Margaret, was killed after the battle of Tewkesbury (May 4, 1471) by some noblemen in attendance on Edward IV.

    155

    Henry's second wife was Joan, or Joanna, (c. 1370-1437), daughter of Charles the Bad, king of Navarre, and widow of John IV.

    156

    Henrys chief friends were his nephews, the two Hohenstaufen princes, Frederick and Conrad, to whose father Frederick the emperor Henry IV.

    157

    Here also are deposited the Scottish regalia (" The Honours of Scotland "), with the sword of state presented to James IV.

    158

    Here, also, in 1808, the insurrection broke out which ended in the abdication of Charles IV.

    159

    Himself denounced on the 20th of May 1795, he was defended by his brother Thomas, but only escaped condemnation by the vote of amnesty of the 4th of Brumaire, year IV.

    160

    His eldest son, Archibald Napier of Edinbellie, the fourth of Merchiston, belonged to the household of James IV.

    161

    His governor, Marshal D'Ornano, was arrested by Richelieu's orders, and then his confidant, Henri de Talleyrand, marquis de Chalais and Vendome, the natural sons of Henry IV.

    162

    His historical importance lies neither in his writings nor in his political activity, but in his personal influence at the Prussian court, and especially in its lasting effect on the character of Frederick William IV.

    163

    His line was continued by Gilbert IV.

    164

    His mother married Francois de Balzac, marquis d'Entragues, and one of her daughters, Henriette, marchioness of Verneuil, afterwards became the mistress of Henry IV.

    165

    His nature was timid, lethargic and melancholy, and his court was not marked by the scandals which had been seen under Henry IV.

    166

    His rule was subservient to Austria, reactionary and despotic. On the outbreak of the French Revolution of 1830, Francis IV.

    167

    His successor was his nephew Rupert II., who bought from the German king Wenceslaus a portion of the territory that his uncle had sold to Charles IV.

    168

    His successor was Sergius IV.

    169

    His successor, Leo XI., undisguisedly French in sympathy, reigned but twenty-seven days - a sorry return for the 300,000 ducats which his election is rumoured to have cost Henry IV.

    170

    His writings include a letter to Innocent IV.

    171

    Holinshed's Chronicle was the chief source of Shakespeare's account of Hotspur in Henry IV.

    172

    I (preaches in the synagogues, later more commonly by the lake-shore or on the mountain sides; or He teaches in a house where He happens to be); at iv.

    173

    I), after which the appeal for unity at Philippi is reiterated (iv.

    174

    Ia, frons; b, clypeus (the pointed labrum beneath it); II, mandible; III, first maxilla; (a, base; b, sheath; c, piercer), III', inner view of sheath; IV, second maxillae forming rostrum (b, mentum; c, ligula).

    175

    In 1152 Frederick received the duchy of Swabia from his cousin the German king Frederick I., and on his death in 1167 it passed successively to Frederick's three sons Frederick, Conrad and Philip. The second Hohenstaufen emperor was Frederick Barbarossa's son, Henry VI., after whose death a struggle for the throne took place between Henry's brother Philip, duke of Swabia, and Otto of Brunswick, afterwards the emperor Otto IV.

    176

    In 1155 Henry asked and obtained from Adrian IV.

    177

    In 1186, Bishop Absalon bestowed the castle and village, with the lands of Amager, on the see of Roskilde; but, as the place grew in importance, the Danish kings became anxious to regain it, and in 1245 King Eric IV.

    178

    In 1190 tenants of Wisbech Barton acquired an exemption from tolls throughout England, confirmed by John, Henry IV.

    179

    In 1216 Leo captured Antioch, and established Raymund Rhupen as its prince; but he lost it again in less than four years, and it was once more in the possession of Bohemund IV.

    180

    In 1281 his first wife died, and on the 5th of February 1284 he married Isabella, daughter of Hugh IV.

    181

    In 1350 Cola di Rienzi, "the last of the tribunes," was confined by the emperor Charles IV.

    182

    In 1351 Giovanni Visconti, lord and archbishop of Milan, having purchased Bologna and allied himself with sundry Ghibelline houses of Tuscany with a view to dominating Florence, the city made war on him, and in violation of its Guelph traditions placed itself under the protection of the emperor Charles IV.

    183

    In 1354 Robert, count of Bar, who had married the daughter of King John, was made marquis of Pont-a-Mousson by the emperor Charles IV.

    184

    In 1356 Duke Wenceslas confirmed this charter and also the Golden Bull of the emperor Charles IV.

    185

    In 1369 Lucca was taken from them by the emperor Charles IV.; and afterwards Giovan Galeazzo Visconti, known as the count of Virtu, determined to forward his ambitious designs upon the whole of Italy by wresting Pisa from the Gambacorti.

    186

    In 1467 the generous and discerning Casimir IV.

    187

    In 1472 Regiomontanus was summoned to Rome by Pope Sixtus IV.

    188

    In 1508 he was sent to James IV.

    189

    In 1560 his uncle, Cardinal Angelo de'Medici, was raised to the pontificate as Pius IV.

    190

    In 1589 its cannon decided the battle of Argues in favour of Henry IV.

    191

    In 1599 the privilege of making " Voires de cristal a la faschon Venise," was granted to Philippe de Gridolphi of Antwerp. In 1623 Anthony Miotti, a Muranese, addressed a petition to Philip IV.

    192

    In 1606, at the age of twenty-one, Richelieu was nominated bishop of Luton by Henry IV.

    193

    In 1608 it was in France united by Henry IV.

    194

    In 1632 with his elder brother Philip he accompanied his father on his mission as ambassador extraordinary to Christian IV.

    195

    In 1772 appeared the most popular of his books, IV orterbuch des Neuen Testamentes zur Erkldrung der christlichen Lehre (6th ed., 1805).

    196

    In 1808 he was appointed tutor to the royal princes, in 1809 councillor of state in the department of religion, and in 1810 tutor of the crown prince (afterwards Frederick William IV.), on whose sensitive and dreamy nature he was to exercise a powerful but far from wholesome influence.

    197

    In 1817 the death of Princess Charlotte (only child of the prince regent, afterwards George IV., and wife of Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, afterwards king of the Belgians), had left the ultimate succession to the throne of England, in the younger generation, so uncertain that the three unmarried sons of George III., the dukes of Clarence (afterwards William IV.),.

    198

    In 1830 he received the gold medal for history, founded by George IV.

    199

    In 1837, on the 18th of November, along with six of his colleagues he signed a formal protest against the action of King Ernst August (duke of Cumberland) in abolishing the liberal constitution of 1833, which had been granted to the Hanoverians by his predecessor William IV.

    200

    In 1848 he was elected a member of the German parliament at Frankfort, where he associated himself with the right centre, supporting the proposal for a German empire under the supremacy of Prussia; and he was one of the deputation which offered the imperial crown to Frederick William IV.

    201

    In 1907 the British steel production was nearly five times, that of the [[Table Iv]].- Reduction in Cost of Iron Manufacture in America-C. Kirchoff.

    202

    In due course Samaria was besieged for three years by Shalmaneser IV.

    203

    In Edward IV.'s reign the elections of mayor, sheriffs and other officers and members of parliament were transferred to liverymen.

    204

    In Egypt we know that Amenophis IV.

    205

    In France Philip IV.'s jurists maintained that the temporal power was independent of the spiritual.

    206

    In George IV.'s reign were issued the so-called "lion shillings," bearing the royal crest, a crowned lion on a crown, a design reverted to in the coinage of Edward VII.

    207

    In its sixth chapter the question whether it is lawful to overthrow a tyrant is freely discussed and answered in the affirmative, a circumstance which brought much odium upon the Jesuits, especially after the assassination of Henry IV.

    208

    In January 1349 the friends of the late emperor elected Gunther, count of Schwarzburg, as their king, but before this occurrence Charles Charles of Moravia, by a liberal use of gifts and promises, IV.

    209

    In January 1820 the duke of Kent died, five days before his, brother succeeded to the throne as George IV.

    210

    In May 46 B.C. a third dictatorship was conferred on Caesar, this time for ten years and apparently as a yearly office, so that he became Dictator IV.

    211

    In November 1408 Chicheley was back at Westminster, when Henry IV.

    212

    In October 816 he was crowned emperor at Reims by Pope Stephen IV.; and at Aix in July 817, he arranged for a division of his Empire among his sons.

    213

    In olden times it seems to have been known as Hornehuntersland, and to have been mentioned as early as 1159, when a son of Malcolm IV.

    214

    In order, however, to obtain his recognition as count, Fulk IV.

    215

    In refusing to agree to the offer of the imperial crown to Frederick William IV, Maximilian had the support of his parliament.

    216

    In that year William Longsword, eldest of the five sons of Count William III., came to the kingdom of Jerusalem, on the invitation of Baldwin IV.

    217

    In the 15th and 16th centuries it suffered frequently from the invasions of Tatars, Moldavians and Turks; and in 1672 the hetman of the Cossacks, Doroshenko, assisted by Sultan Mahommed IV.

    218

    In the same year his pupil Volter (Die Entstehung der Apok., 1882, 1885) put forward the bold theory that the original Apocalypse consisted of 1.4-6, iv.

    219

    In the wars of religion Dijon sided with the League, and only opened its gates to Henry IV.

    220

    In this same year, considering themselves ill-used by Olivarez, prime minister of Philip IV.

    221

    In view of the uncertainty regarding the length of Dynasties IV.

    222

    Isabella succeeded to the throne (1474) on the death of Henry IV.

    223

    It acquired, however, immense importance through its alliance with Henry IV.

    224

    It appears, however, to have been adopted as a surname by Richard duke of York (father of Edward IV.) some twelve years before his death.

    225

    It contains a pulpit of the time of Pope Gregory IV.

    226

    It forms the diocese of Chartres (province of Paris), and belongs to the academic (educational division) of Paris and the region of the IV.

    227

    It is a place of great antiquity, its first charter having been granted by Malcolm IV.

    228

    It is noteworthy that the psalms. quoted by the Chronicler belong to the last collection, books IV.

    229

    It is only in the last collection, books IV.

    230

    It is perhaps significant that his first appearance is of the generously helpful kind described in Acts iv.

    231

    It is preceded by a fast on the 13th day of Adar, known as the Fast of Esther, based upon Esther iv.

    232

    It is probable that the first of these forms is the primary one and the second in most cases a development from it due to (i.) the influence of other individual cults, (ii.) anthropomorphic tendencies, (iii.) the influence of chieftainship, hereditary and otherwise, (iv.) annual sacrifice of the sacred animal and mystical ideas connected therewith, (v.) syncretism, due either to unity of function or to a philosophic unification, (vi.) the desire to do honour to the species in the person of one of its members, and possibly other less easily traceable causes.

    233

    It is situated on the left bank of the Teith, here crossed by the bridge built in 1535 by Robert Spittal, tailor to James IV.

    234

    It is the headquarters of the IV.

    235

    It is the mythical site of an octagonal house said to have been erected early in the 16th century by one John Groot, a Dutchman who had migrated to the north of Scotland by permission of James IV.

    236

    It is true that his children by this lady were born before he married her; but they were made legitimate by act of parliament, and, though Henry IV.

    237

    It may be noticed that (iv) is the familar principle of mathematical induction.

    238

    It received, however, the warm support of Henry IV.

    239

    It remains a lamentable fact that Sixtus IV.

    240

    It was almost completely destroyed by Tatar hordes in 1241, but was rebuilt and fortified by King Bela IV.

    241

    It was by members of this Oratory - especially St Gaetano di Tiene; Carafa (later Paul IV.), and the great bishop of Verona, Giberti - that the foundations of the Catholic reformation were laid.

    242

    It was confirmed by the elector Charles Theodore in 1778 and by the elector Maximilian Joseph IV.

    243

    It was extended by Frederick Barbarossa, and was burned down in 1270, being restored by the emperor Charles IV.

    244

    It was founded and fortified in 1614 by Christian IV.

    245

    It was here that, on the 18th of January 1419, Wenceslaus IV.

    246

    It was his influence with George IV.

    247

    It was in her castle of Canossa that Henry IV.

    248

    It was in the reign of Casimir IV.

    249

    It was incorporated by charter of Edward IV.

    250

    It was incorporated under the name of "Bailiff, Burgesses and Commonalty" by Edward IV.

    251

    It was Innocent IV.

    252

    It was not until the reign of Henry IV.

    253

    It was of short duration and purchased by hard conditions, but it implied the recognition by Henry IV.

    254

    It was said at court that she liked the demonstrative homage of crowds; but she had good reason to fear lest her child should be taken away from her to be educated according to the views of George IV.

    255

    It was taken by Frederick IV.

    256

    It was the Frenchman Urban IV.

    257

    It will be noted that this crown is, like its predecessors, what is known as an open crown, without any arches rising from the circlet, but in the accounts of the coronation of Henry IV.

    258

    It would be wrong, however, to believe that Eugenius IV.

    259

    Its French estates were granted to the Hospitallers, but actually Philip IV.

    260

    John William Friso had died IV young in 1711, leaving a posthumous son, William Charles Henry Friso, who was duly elected stadholder by the two provinces, Friesland and Groningen, which were always faithful to his family, and in 1722 he became also, though with very limited powers, stadholder of Gelderland.

    261

    Justinian's rival Vardanes in turn sought an asylum in Khazaria, and in Leo IV.

    262

    King Henry IV.

    263

    King William IV.'s Naval Asylum was endowed by Queen Adelaide for 12 widows of naval officers.

    264

    Kuchum fled to the steppes, abandoning his domains to Yermak, who, according to tradition, purchased by the present of Siberia to Ivan IV.

    265

    Ladenburg (Ber., 2, p. 140) devised his prism formula (IV), the six carbon atoms being placed at the six corners of a right equilateral triangular prism, with its plane projections (V, VI).

    266

    Lambert, a monk of Hersfeld, and Widukinds countryman, Bruno, in his De bello Saxonico, tell the story of the great contest between the emperor Henry IV.

    267

    Langlois has published the registers of Nicholas IV.

    268

    Later charters were obtained from Henry IV.

    269

    Leopold increased the territories of the Babenbergs by acquiring Styria in 1192 under the will of his kinsman Duke Ottakar IV.

    270

    Leucio, a village founded by Ferdinand IV.

    271

    Like the English scholar and statesman, Thomas Wilson, he owed his escape to the riot which broke out on the death of Paul IV.

    272

    Lithuania favoured Ivan IV.

    273

    Lothairs rebuff in Bohemia stiffened the backs of Frederick and Conrad, and in order to contend with them the king secured a powerful ally by marrying his daughter Gertrude to Henry the Proud, a grandson of Welf, whom Henry IV.

    274

    Manetho correctly places the great Pyramid kings in Dynasty IV.

    275

    Married first to William of Montferrat, to whom she bore a son, Baldwin, she was again married in 1180 to Guy of Lusignan; and dissensions between Sibylla and her husband on the one side, and Baldwin IV.

    276

    Maximilian IV, Joseph (of Zweibrucken), the new elector, succeeded to a difficult inheritance.

    277

    Mesopotamia narrowly escaped being the scene of the struggle when Antonius in 36 finally decided to make his disastrous attempt against Phraates IV.

    278

    Monopolies form Section IV.

    279

    More important in its ulterior consequences to Hungary was the law of 1351 which, while confirming the Golden Bull in general, abrogated the clause (iv.) by which the nobles had the right to alienate their lands.

    280

    Moreover, the mightiest secular ruler was but a poor sinner dependent for his eternal welfare on the Church and its head, the pope, who in this way necessarily exercised an indirect control over the civil government, which even the emperor Henry IV.

    281

    Native princes probably ruled in Persis before 166, though the district was at least nominally subject to Antiochus IV.

    282

    Near it an obelisk commemorates the departure of George IV.

    283

    Near it are the remains of the old Benedictine monastery of Homburg or Hohenburg, where the emperor Henry IV.

    284

    Near the same site there stood an older town, which, together with a bishop's see, was founded in 1152 by the Englishman Nicholas Breakspeare (afterwards Pope Adrian IV.); but both town and cathedral were destroyed by the Swedes in 1567.

    285

    New candidates for her hand now appeared in the persons of a brother of Edward IV.

    286

    Niebuhr is buried in the cemetery outside of the Sterntor, where a monument was placed to his memory by Frederick William IV.

    287

    Nothing more was needed to unite together all the emperors foes, including Pope Clement VI., who, like his predecessors, had rejected the advances of Louis; but in 1345, before the gathering storm broke, the emperor took possession of the counties of Holland, Zealand and Friesland, which had been left without a ruler by the death of his brother-in-law, Count William IV.

    288

    Nowack thinks that iv.

    289

    Of his four sons, Edward, the eldest, became king as Edward IV.

    290

    Of the books relating to the Polish Vasas the most notable is Szajnocha's Two Years of our History, 1646-1648 (Lemberg, 1865), which deals exhaustively with the little-known but remarkable attempt (the last practical attempt of its kind) of Ladislaus IV.

    291

    Of the fairs, those on December 7th to 9th and March 24th to 26th are held under a charter of Henry IV.

    292

    Of these the most remarkable is the Pavilion, built as a residence for the prince regent (afterwards George IV.) and remodelled in 1819 by the architect, John Nash, in a grotesque Eastern style of architecture.

    293

    On account of his friendship with Robespierre, Saliceti was denounced at the revolution of 9 Thermidor, and was saved only by the amnesty of the year IV.

    294

    On his death the county of Boulogne came to his daughter, Matilda, and her husband Stephen, count of Blois, afterwards king of England, and in 1150 it was given to their son, Eustace IV.

    295

    On his return he was happy in winning the good opinion of Amalric I.; he was made first canon and then archdeacon of Tyre, and tutor of the future Baldwin IV.

    296

    On the 1st of January 1861 the standards of the new regiments were solemnly blessed; on the next day Frederick William IV.

    297

    On the 22nd of September 1481 Waynflete received Edward IV.

    298

    On the 23rd of May 1555 Gian Pietro Carafa, the strictest of the strict, was elected as his successor, under the title of Paul IV.

    299

    On the 30th of January 1648, Spain concluded a separate peace at Minster with the Dutch, by which Philip IV.

    300

    On the 7th of October the Grande Armee lay in three parallel columns along the roads leading over the mountains to Hof, Schleiz and Kronach; on the right lay the IV.

    301

    On the 9th of February 1589 he preached at Paul's Cross a sermon on t John iv.

    302

    On the day after this curious document had furnished both amusement and uneasiness to the Commons, a woman, describing herself as Sophia Elizabeth Guelph Sims, made application at the Mansion House for advice and assistance to prove herself the lawful child of George IV.

    303

    On the death of her father, who was succeeded by her brother Henry IV.

    304

    On the entry of the French into Naples and the establishment of the Parthenopean republic (1799) he adhered to the new government, and when the Bourbon king Ferdinand IV.

    305

    On the last occasion he was one of the four delegates charged with signifying Nicholas IV.'s desire for the deposition of Munio de Zamora, who had been master of the order from 1285, and was deprived of his office by a papal bull dated the 12th of April 1291.

    306

    On the outbreak of the war with Napoleon, Fersen accompanied Gustavus IV.

    307

    On the, 31st of July 1437 the fathers of Basel summoned Eugenius IV.

    308

    One great point in favour of such theories is that they give a natural sense to iv.

    309

    One interesting analogy communicated by Professor Rapson, may, however, be cited from the Bhagavad-gita, iv.

    310

    One is concerned to glorify at all costs the Carolingian house; another sacrifices almost everything to attack the emperor Henry IV.

    311

    One of the best known of these representations is that carved on the memorial stone placed by Tethmosis (Thothmes) IV.

    312

    One remarkable discovery, however, of general interest, was the outcome of a long series of delicate weighings and minute experimental care in the determination of the relative density of nitrogen gas - undertaken in order to determine the atomic weight of nitrogen - namely, the discovery of argon, the first of a series of new substances, chemically inert, which occur, some only in excessively minute quantities, as constituents of the 1 The barony was created at George IV.'s coronation in 1821 for the wife of Joseph Holden Strutt, M.P. for Maldon (1790-1826) and Okehampton (1826-1830), who had done great service during the French War as colonel of the Essex militia.

    313

    Opisthosoma consisting of only ten somites, which have no tergal and sternal elements, the prae-genital somite contracted to form a " waist," as in the Pedipalpi; the last three narrowed to form a A B prae-1 2345 6789 io I I111I IV V VI gen Opisttaosoma Prosoma FIG.

    314

    P. Kidder, Brazil and the Brazilians (9th ed., Boston, 1879), especially chapters iv.

    315

    Persis remained a part of the Seleucid empire down to Antiochus IV.

    316

    Philemon, ein Vorbild fiir die 1 History of the New Testament Times (1895), iv.

    317

    Plan of ' Main Entrance II Impluvium Bath IV Principal Hall 'V birth to the Christian kingdoms of the Peninsula, while the Monge de Cister, published in 1848, describes the time of King John I., when the middle class and the municipalities first asserted their power and elected a king in opposition to the nobility.

    318

    Pop. (1901) town, 19,180; commune, 33373 The modern town (22 9 ft.) was a mere village belonging to the Caetani family of Sermoneta, who were counts of Caserta, until its purchase from them by Charles IV.

    319

    Pope Eugenius (1442) issued a fiercely intolerant missive; the Franciscan John of Capistrano moved the masses to activity by his eloquent denunciations; even Casimir IV.

    320

    Pursuing his way to Silesia, Batu overthrew the confederated Silesian princes at Liegnitz (April 9), and, after burning all the Silesian towns, invaded Hungary, where he routed King Bela IV.

    321

    Quoted in - Zoological Record, iv.

    322

    Re-dedication of the Temple on 25th Chisleu (December), I Macc. iv.

    323

    Respiratory organs tracheal, opening by a pair of spiracles in the prosoma above the base of the fifth appendage on IV III I composed, at least in many cases, of eleven somites, the 1 1 th somite very small, often hidden within the loth.

    324

    Reumont was the friend and adviser of Frederick William IV.

    325

    Roman bricks, dug up in the fortress, bear the inscription, Legio IV.

    326

    Rupert, who from 1353 to 1390 was sole ruler, gained the electoral dignity for the Palatinate of the Rhine in 1356 by a grant of some lands in upper Bavaria to the emperor Charles IV.

    327

    Samuel de Champlain, who had seen service under Henry IV.

    328

    See Acta sanctorum, October, iv.

    329

    See Acta Sanctorum, Octobris, iv.

    330

    See article in Smith's Dictionary of Christian Biography, iv.

    331

    See King, Letters and Inscriptions of Hammurabi, iv.

    332

    See Ovid, Tristia, iv.

    333

    See Ritter, Geschichte der Philosophie, iv.

    334

    See Strabo iv.

    335

    See Tacitu s, [[Annals]], iv.

    336

    See Tacitus, Histories, ii., iii., iv.; Dio Cassius lxv.

    337

    See the article Celt, § Literature, IV.

    338

    See the Estudios del reinado de Felipe IV.

    339

    Seth was born after the murder of Abel, and in iv.

    340

    Shakespeares reference in King Lear (Act iii., Sc. iv.) may be quoted as evincing acquaintance with mildew in the 17th century, as also the interesting Rouen law of Loverdo (1660).

    341

    She figured much in 16th-century literature, notably in the Mirrour for Magistrates, and in Thomas Heywood's Edward IV .

    342

    She was getting a little dehydrated, so they were speeding up the IV.

    343

    Sigismund was the only one of the six sons of Casimir IV.

    344

    Smith); they belong in substance to the second section of the book (iv.

    345

    So the system and policy which were the creations of Henry IV.

    346

    Some remains of the old building may still be seen adjoining the present castle, which was built by King Frederick William IV.

    347

    Some years later the bishop of Puebla, Juan de Palafox y Mendoza, transferred many native congregations from the friars to secular priests, and subsequently, in 1647, came into conflict with the Jesuits, whom he excommunicated, but who eventually triumphed with the aid of the Dominicans and the archbishop. The power of the church may be judged from the petition of the Ayuntamiento of Mexico to Philip IV.

    348

    Strictly speaking, none of the Lancasters after Thomas had any clear title either by grant or otherwise; such title as they had merged in the crown when Henry IV.

    349

    Subsequently he joined Henry of Navarre, whom he succeeded in withdrawing from the corrupting influence of the house of Valois (1576), and to whom he rendered valuable service, both as a soldier and as a counsellor, in the wars that issued in his elevation to the throne as Henry IV.

    350

    Such was the condition of affairs in the Ukraine when Wladislaus IV.

    351

    Taking advantage of this last clause, Laynez applied the new law to two houses only, namely, Rome and Lisbon, the other houses contenting themselves with singing vespers on feast days; and as soon as Paul IV.

    352

    That very year, 1538, a commission of cardinals, including Reginald Pole, Contarini, Sadolet, Caraffa (afterwards Paul IV.), Fregoso and others, had reported that the conventual orders, which they had to deal with, had drifted into such a state that they should all be abolished.

    353

    The "Luck of Eden Hall," which has been celebrated in a ballad by the duke of Wharton, and in a second ballad written by Uhland, the German poet, and translated by Longfellow, is an enamelled goblet, kept in a leathern case dating from the times of Henry IV.

    354

    The accounts we have certainly point in this direction, and it is characteristic that in 2 Kings iv.

    355

    The actual taxation to which this fragment refers was not the tenth collected by Boiamund but the tenth of all ecclesiastical property in England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland granted by Pope Nicholas IV.

    356

    The anarchy and misgovernment of Turkey now reached such a pitch that Ibrahim was dethroned and murdered, and Mahom- his son Mahommed IV.

    357

    The Aragonese enjoyed at first the assistance of the giudici of Arborea, who had remained in power; but in 1352 war broke out between Mariano IV.

    358

    The areas of five-year intervals are given in Table IV.

    359

    The badge and ribbon is illustrated in Plate IV.

    360

    The badge of the order and ribbon is illustrated on Plate IV.

    361

    The badge of the order is illustrated on Plate IV.

    362

    The best edition is that by C. Thurot, which appears in the Recueil des historiens des croisades, tome iv.

    363

    The bishop of Liege introduced it in Germany in 1082, and three years later a synod held at Mainz in the presence of the emperor Henry IV.

    364

    The campaigns of 219 and 218 carried the Seleucid arms almost to the confines of Egypt, but in 217 Ptolemy IV.

    365

    The Casa del Labrador, or Labourer's Cottage, as it is called, is a smaller palace built by Charles IV.

    366

    The cathedral contains the burial-place of Urban IV.

    367

    The Chronicle begins with the accession of Henry IV.

    368

    The Colonna pope was followed by the strict, moral and pious Gabriel Condulmaro, under the title of Eugenius IV.

    369

    The column relating to permanent grass in Table IV.

    370

    The controlling hand of Casimir IV.

    371

    The controversy with Prussia about the education of children of whose parents but one was Roman Catholic led to the imprisonment of Droste-Vischering, archbishop of Cologne, and later of Dunin, archbishop of Gnesen-Posen; but the accession of the royal romanticist Frederick William IV.

    372

    The cope presented to the cathedral treasury by Pope Nicholas IV.

    373

    The cost of George IV.'s coronation amounted to £240,000; that of William IV.

    374

    The crusaders, whose objective had been Egypt, were persuaded to set their course for Constantinople, before which they appeared in June 1203, proclaiming the emperor Alexius IV.

    375

    The custom was almost universal in antiquity; for Greece and Rome see Pauly-Wissowa, Realencyclopadie, iv.

    376

    The date of this may have been1283-1284when Martin IV.

    377

    The death of his elder brother Christian in June 1647 first opened to him the prospect of succeeding to the Danish throne, but the question was still unsettled when Christian IV.

    378

    The defence of the castle was committed by Henry IV.

    379

    The Egyptians, though acquainted with the bastard safflower, do not seem to have possessed saffron; but it is named in Canticles iv.

    380

    The eighteen cardinals who met to elect a successor to Clement IV.

    381

    The enemy lay direct to his right, an Murat, the IV.

    382

    The excavations at the Hieron have been recorded as they went on in the Ilpaeroat of the Greek Archaeological Society, especially for 1881-1884 and 1889, and also in the 'E4»u€pis 'ApxatoXoynoi, especially for 1883 and 1885; see also Kavvadias, Les Fouilles d'Epidaure and Tb r03'A?KX iv 'E7rukbpq, eat 9Epa7reta7'CJY Defrasse and Lechat, Epidaure.

    383

    The experiment of arming the native Egyptians on a large scale does not seem to have been made before the campaign of 217, when Ptolemy IV.

    384

    The fact too that complaints laid before Edward IV.

    385

    The fall of the Latin Empire and the retaking of Constantinople by the Palaeologi freed a great part of the Eastern world from the political and religious direction of Rome, and this fact necessarily engaged the diplomacy of Urban IV.

    386

    The family produced not a few turbulent warriors during the Hundred Years' War, and the cardinal's father, Francois du Plessis, seigneur de Richelieu, began his career by killing the murderer of his elder brother and then fighting through the wars of religion, first as a favourite of Henry III., and after his death under Henry IV.

    387

    The figure B also shows the peculiar neural investiture formed by the cerebral arteries in Limulus and the derivation from this of the arteries to the limbs, III, IV, VI, whereas in Scorpio the latter have a separate origin from the anterior aorta.

    388

    The first edition of the history was published at Helmstadt in 1584, and a good edition is in the Recueil des historiens des croisades, tome iv.

    389

    The former episcopal see of Samland was founded by Pope Innocent IV.

    390

    The former had aimed simply at making annexations in Lithuania; 'Ivan' IV.

    391

    The fortifications of the town were restored by the landgrave Philip the Magnanimous and his son William IV.

    392

    The fortress, built by Christian IV.

    393

    The foundations of a temple were laid on the site - probably that of an ancient sanctuary - by Peisistratus, but the building in its ultimate form was for the greater part constructed under the auspices of Antiochus IV.

    394

    The German Second Army, facing the Fourth Army, consisted at this time of the LIV., IV.

    395

    The ground-idea was to reproduce the life of the first Christians as described in Acts iv.

    396

    The growing resources of the Silesian duchies are exemplified by the strength of the army with which Henry II., duke of Lower Silesia, broke the force of the Mongol invasion at the battle of Liegnitz (1241), and by the glamour at the court of the Minnesinger, Henry IV.

    397

    The history of the assemblies summoned by Charles IV.

    398

    The idea of such a thoroughfare is traceable back to the time of William IV.

    399

    The idea, however, did not spread until, in 1261, Jacob Pantaleon, archdeacon of Liege, ascended the papal throne as Urban IV.

    400

    The identification (Schrader, McCurdy, &c.) of Azariah with Azriyau of Ja'udi, the head of a North Syrian confederation at Hamath (Hamah) overcome by Tiglath-Pileser IV.

    401

    The inhabitants appear to have had a prescriptive right to hold a cattle-market, which was confirmed by Henry IV.

    402

    The Jesuit influence at Rome was supported by the Spanish ambassador; but when Henry IV.

    403

    The Jesuits were banished from France in 1594, but were allowed to return by Henry IV.

    404

    The last may be considered in abeyance as there has not been any coronation banquet since that of George IV.

    405

    The latter part of Bodin's life was spent at Laon, which he is said to have persuaded to declare for the League in 1589, and for Henry IV.

    406

    The legend of Adapa, the first man, a portion of which was found in the record-office of the Egyptian king Amenophis IV.

    407

    The life of Ulfilas during the following thirty-three years is marked by only one recorded incident fSozomen iv.

    408

    The manor, then called Bellus Locus or Beaulieu on account of its beautiful situation, was afterwards granted to the Mortimers, in whose family it continued until it was merged in the crown on the accession of Edward IV.

    409

    The matter was settled by the Papal Legate, Simon de Brion, afterwards Pope Martin IV.

    410

    The most illustrious member of the Bethune family was Maximilien, baron of Rosny, and afterwards duke of Sully, minister of Henry IV.

    411

    The most important of these, from the historical point of view, have beenpublished in the Historiae Francorum Scriptores, tome iv.

    412

    The most important unofficial contemporary works are the Histories of John Knox, Bishop John Lesley, George Buchanan, and Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie; the Diurnal of Remarkable Occurrents from the death of James IV.

    413

    The most noteworthy architectural details are the Chapel of the Trinity (15th century) and that of Christian IV.

    414

    The Napoleonic form of the grand cross and ribbon is illustrated on Plate IV, fig.

    415

    The negotiations begun by Urban IV.

    416

    The new monarch was a reserved, enigmatical prince, who seldom laughed, spoke little and wrote less - a striking contrast to Christian IV.

    417

    The next landgrave (1217-1227) was his son Louis IV.

    418

    The Order of St Sylvester was originally founded as the Order of the Golden Spur by Paul IV.

    419

    The papal chair was now filled by Innocent VIII., whose rule was even more infamous than that of his predecessor Sixtus IV.

    420

    The parish of New Monkland, in which Airdrie lies, was formed (with Old Monkland)in 1640 out of the ancient barony of Monkland, so named from the fact that it was part of the lands granted by Malcolm IV.

    421

    The park, originally Marylebone Park, was enclosed by James I., and received its modern name from the Prince Regent, afterwards George IV.

    422

    The Persians occupied Mosul for a short time in 1623, until it was, soon afterwards, recovered by sultan Murad IV.

    423

    The prices of the principal kinds of meat do not show the same tendency as those of corn; it is only after 1911 that a certain pause can be remarked in the rise of prices, as Table IV.

    424

    The prime mover of the great rebellion of 1648, which shook the Polish state to its very foundations, was the Cossack Bohdan Chmielnicki (q.v.), who had been initiated in all the plans of Wladislaus IV.

    425

    The prince of Conde sustained a severe repulse under its walls in 1638, and it was on this occasion that the town received from Philip IV.

    426

    The princes had long been chafing under the royal power; they had shaken even so stern an autocrat as Henry III., and the authority of Henry IV.

    427

    The problem was next dealt with by Vischer (Die Offenbarung Johannis, eine Jiidische Apokalypse in Christlicher Bearbeitung, 1886, 2nd ed., 1895), who took iv.

    428

    The Prussian policy of the next period, beginning with the accession of Friedrich Wilhelm IV.

    429

    The result was that Protestant princes, including the three temporal electors, united in placing their grievances before the emperor; obtaining no redress they met at Torgau in 1591 and offered help to Henry IV.

    430

    The Roman Catholic cathedral was finished by Casimir IV.

    431

    The same year witnessed the downfall of Napoleon's persistent enemy, Gustavus IV.

    432

    The Saxons, however, were not quite subdued; risings took place from time to time, and the opponents of Henry IV.

    433

    The second is Hugh IV.

    434

    The segmentation of the prosoma and the form of the appendages bear a homoplastic similarity to the head, pro-, meso-, and meta-thorax of a Hexapod with mandibles, maxillary palps and three pairs of walking legs; while the opistho io i e d c b o a S' S" 2 I VT V S IV III II I Opisthosoma Prosoma FIG.

    435

    The Seleucid kingdom as Antiochus left it to his son, Seleucus Iv.

    436

    The situation was, however, complicated by the strife which broke out between the pope (Eugenius IV.) and the oecumenical council of Basel.

    437

    The striking examples of it shown in Table IV.

    438

    The Tel elAmarna collection, it will be recalled, consists of the royal archives of King Amenophis IV.

    439

    The Thrissil and the Rois is a prothalamium in honour of James IV.

    440

    The transcriber was in all probability a certain Murdoch Nisbet, who also showed his reforming tendencies by adding to it a rendering of Luther's Prologue to the New Testament.4 2 See Foxe, Acts and Monuments, iv.

    441

    The true heir, Demetrius, son of Seleucus, being now retained in Rome as a hostage, the kingdom was seized by the younger brother of Seleucus, Antiochus Iv.

    442

    The union thus brought about between the two Churches was, however, extremely distasteful to the Greeks, and the persecution of his "schismatic" subjects to which the emperor was compelled to resort weakened his power so much that Martin IV.

    443

    The unique dignity of count of the Lateran palace,' bestowed in 1328 by the emperor Louis IV.

    444

    The values of the first ten of Bernoulli's numbers are B1= t, B2= 1, B3 =412, B4 =30, B5 =6 = 6 9 1 B7 = l, B =3 =4 4 fl, IV.

    445

    The vegetative and sensitive souls which the Aristotelians had introduced to break the leap 1 Ouvres, iv.

    446

    The Venetian ambassador says of Paul IV.

    447

    The war opened disastrously for the French, but by 1642, when Richelieu died, his armies - risen from 12,000 men in 1621 to 150,000 in 1638 - had conquered Roussillon from Spain; they held Catalonia, which had revolted from Philip IV.

    448

    The war, which broke out in 1743, was waged with varying fortunes, and the peace by which it was concluded on the 5th of September 1746, beyond stipulating for a few privileges for Persian pilgrims to the holy places, altered nothing in the settlement arranged ten years before with Murad IV.

    449

    The western (residential) quarter contains the park of Frederiksberg, with its palace erected under Frederick IV.

    450

    The worc nepotism acquired new significance in the reigns of Sixtus IV and Innocent VIII.

    451

    Their dynasty of monarchs can be traced back with tolerable certainty to a period coincident with the reign of Henry IV.

    452

    Their tone is hostile to Henry IV.

    453

    There are also an ancient church crowning the eastern hill, and a curious fortified warehouse (called the New Works), dating probably from the 14th century, when a trading company was established here under a grant from Henry IV.

    454

    There is a fine park outside the town belonging to the duke of Arenberg, whose ancestor, Charles de Ligne, bought it from Henry IV.

    455

    There is a good account of the policy of Martin IV.

    456

    There was no reason why the bishop of Rome should justify such acts as Innocent himself performed in deposing King John of England and later in annulling Magna Carta; or Gregory IV.

    457

    These arches must have been a later addition, and possibly were first added for the coronation of Henry IV.

    458

    These events brought revolution to the gates of the kingdom of Naples, the worst-governed part of Italy, where the boorish king, Ferdinand IV.

    459

    These leading narratives are supplemented by Adam of Bremen, Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum, chap. 38 (247 Lappenberg) of book iv.

    460

    These orders have not been conferred since 1866, when Hanover ceased to be a kingdom, and the Royal Guelphic Order, which from its institution was more British than Hanoverian, not since the death of William IV.

    461

    These stipulations of the treaty, which were in effect a confirmation of the firman granted in 1620 by Murad IV.

    462

    These Works Were Probably Little Regarded At The Time; But As The Errors Of The Calendar Went On Increasing, And The True Length Of The Year, In Consequence Of The Progress Of Astronomy, Became Better Known, The Project Of A Reformation Was Again Revived In The I 5Th Century; And In 1474 Pope Sixtus Iv.

    463

    They have been identified with the AKarcpoc (perhaps AkKhazari, or White Khazars) who appear upon the lower Volga in the Byzantine annals, and thence they have been deduced, though with less convincing proof, either from the AyetOvpvoc (Agathyrsi) or the Kariapoc of Herodotus, iv.

    464

    They turned him over to the secular arm for execution, had been raging between the Bohemians and Germans, was destined to cause Eugenius IV.

    465

    They were, however, checked by the audiencias, or law courts, of which there were eleven from the reign of Philip IV.

    466

    This aggression seriously threatened the trade of Poland, and induced Casimir IV.

    467

    This attitude he showed clearly when he attended the council of Basel as legate of Eugenius IV.

    468

    This church was burned in 976 along with the ducal palace in the insurrection against the Doge Candiano IV.

    469

    This constitution was sanctioned by the prince regent, afterwards King George IV.; but it was out of harmony with the new and liberal ideas which prevailed in Europe, and it hardly survived George's decease in 1830.

    470

    This is supposed to have happened in 1263, while Urban IV.

    471

    This is the earliest mention of an arched crown, which is not represented on the great seal till that of Edward IV.

    472

    This office is divided into four departments, dealing with (i.) the business of the Bundesrat, the Rcichstag, the elections, citizenship, passports, the press, and military and naval matters, so far as the last concern the civil authorities; (ii.) purely social matters, such as old age pensions, accident insurance, migration, settlement, poor law administration, &c.; (iii.) sanitary matters, patents, canals, steamship lines, weights and measures; and (iv.) commercial and economic relationssuch as agriculture, industry, commercial treaties and statistics.

    473

    This unit is also recorded by cubit lengths scratched on a tomb at Beni Hasan (44), and by dimensions of the tomb of Ramessu IV.

    474

    This was a mere matter of form; Marie of Brabant and her party had decided the matter beforehand, and the crown of Aragon, which the French pope Martin IV.

    475

    This was a pretended revival of an order supposed to have been created by Henry IV.

    476

    This was an object which the emperor Charles IV.

    477

    This was precisely the reason why Ivan IV.

    478

    This was Wladislaus's second son, already grandduke of Lithuania, who ascended the Polish throne as Casimir IV.

    479

    This work has close affinities to (iv.), but is said by Dillmann to be more original.

    480

    To meet this combination Rudolph entered into alliance with Ladislaus IV.

    481

    Towards the close of the 14th century all the separate portions had come by inheritance or bequest into the hands of Rudolph IV.

    482

    Transubstantiation (1676); The Obligation resulting from the Oath of Supremacy (1688); and Carti's Ormonde, iv.

    483

    Two years before he left school he was selected as one of the twenty-four who went forth to receive the heart of Henry IV.

    484

    Ulula, called Shalmaneser IV.

    485

    Under a grant made by Edward IV.

    486

    Walsingham is the main authority for the history of England during the reigns of Richard II., Henry IV.

    487

    We have already seen that the year 1 of the era had Io for its number in the solar cycle, 2 in the lunar cycle, and 4 in the cycle of indiction; the question is therefore to find a number such, that Iv.

    488

    We have thus the nucleus of that international parliament which idealist peacemakers have dreamt of since the time of Henry IV.'s " grand design."

    489

    We shall, therefore, ignoring the ocular somite, speak of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth legbearing somites of the prosoma, and indicate the appendages by the Roman numerals, I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and whilst ignoring the praegenital somite we shall speak of the first, second, third, &c., somite of the mesosoma or opisthosoma (united mesosoma and metasoma) and indicate them by the Arabic numerals.

    490

    Weary with this work, he took a post at Borch College in 1710, where he wrote, and printed in 1711, his first work, An Introduction to the History of the Nations of Europe, and was permitted to present to King Frederick IV.

    491

    What it lost in trade it partially recovered as a seat of learning, for in 1423, Duke John IV.

    492

    When he had taken Lombardy (1158) and had had the principles of the imperial supremacy proclaimed by his jurists at the diet of Roncaglia, the court of Rome realized that war was inevitable, and two energetic popes, Adrian IV.

    493

    When it was finished, with an ample re-dedication to Mountjoy, a new pupil presented himself, Alexander Stewart, natural son of James IV.

    494

    When King Conrad IV.

    495

    When this struggle began it may be said in general that Henry was supported by the cities and the lower classes, while Rudolph Henry IV.

    496

    While the prestige of the schismatics waned, Eugenius IV.

    497

    With difficulty the rebellion was suppressed; in 1733 the war with Persia was resumed, and after three years of fighting Nadir succeeded in 1736 in inducing Turkey to recognize him as shah of Persia and to restore the territory captured since the reign of Murad IV.

    498

    With the royal sanction a petition was addressed to Sixtus IV.

    499

    Xerxes) and Artaxerxes (the son and grandson of Darius respectively) breaks the account of the temple under Cyrus and Darius, and is concerned with the city walls (iv.

    500

    York Road recalls the existence of a palace of the archbishops of York, occasionally occupied by them between the reigns of Edward IV.