hcovs in A Sentence

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    To date, seven human CoVs(Hcovs) are known.

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    Most Hcovs originated from bats where they are non-pathogenic.

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    In the past decades, seven Hcovs have been identified.

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    humans have been well adapted to these four Hcovs.

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    Before 2003, two human CoVs(Hcovs) were known to cause mild illness,

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    Before 2003, two human CoVs(Hcovs) were known to cause mild illness, such as common cold.

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    On the contrary, Hcovs can also adapt to the intermediate host and even establish long-term endemicity.

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    Hcovs that cause severe diseases in humans and humans who developed severe HCoV diseases have been eliminated.

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    Hcovs have to usurp host dependency factors and subvert host restriction factors for a successful interspecies transmission.

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    Thus, it is not by chance that three novel Hcovs have emerged in the past two decades.

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    Last but not least, the evolution of novel Hcovs is also driven by the selection pressure in their reservoir hosts.

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    Tracing the zoonotic origins of Hcovs provides a framework to understand the natural history, driving force and restriction factors of species jumping.

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    Generally, when these Hcovs acquire the abilities to transmit efficiently and to maintain themselves continuously within humans, they also become less virulent or pathogenic.

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    Particularly, we highlight and discuss the common theme that parental viruses of Hcovs are typically non-pathogenic in their natural reservoir hosts but become pathogenic after interspecies transmission to a new host.

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    Based on the difference in protein sequences, CoVs are classified into four genera(alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV and delta-CoV), among which the beta-CoV genera contains most Hcovs and is subdivided into four lineages A, B, C and D.

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