gopuras in A Sentence

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    The epic Manimekalai speaks of temples built of brick and having imposing entrances or Gopuras.

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    2

    The mandapas and Gopuras are, as in all Vijayanagar temples, remarkable for their great size.

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    3

    Some visitors to the Meenakshi Temple in Madurai mistake the Gopuras for the sacred temples and shrines themselves.

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    The kumbha panjara motif on the wall recesses of vimanas, Gopuras and mandapas is made more ornate and elaborate.

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    5

    We now return to the most noticeable feature of the complex- the massive towers, or Gopuras, which are actually entry gates, marked on the plan above as black rectangles.

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    It is, in fact, a great complex planned and built at one time, with vimana, axial mandapas, garuda- mandapa, other mandapas, including kalyana- mandapas, cloister prakam and Gopuras.

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    7

    The superstructure of the stone vimanas or Gopuras are of brick and mortar, often with timber inside if they are not built in the corbelled or kadalika karana fashion.

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    The Gopuras act as symbolic markers for the sacred space into which they lead and most are covered with a profusion of brightly painted stucco figures representing gods and demons.

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    9

    The Hoysalas too, when they came to occupy a part of Tamil Nadu in the last days of the later Cholas left some significant Gopuras, as, for example, the Ballala gopura at Tiruvannamalai.

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    10

    The Nayaka period in Tamil Nadu witnessed the addition of elaborate mandapas of the hundred- pillared type, and larger Gopuras with a greater number of plastic stucco figures on them, as at Vellore and Madurai, their tallest gopura superstructure being at Srivilliputtur( Ramanathapuram district) in front of the Vatapatrasayin temple.

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    11

    Such immense Gopuras were added to the outermost prakara of pre- existing temple complexes of importance and are called rayagopurams, sometimes as many as eleven storeys high, as in the Ekamranatha at Kanchi, the Arunachala at Tiruvannamalai( North Arcot district) and the large Siva temple at Kalahasti( Chittoor district), all built by the great emperor, Krishnadeva Raya 1502- 1529.

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