Food in A Sentence

    1

    Lisa ate the food and washed the dishes.

    2

    Food isn't really scarce.

    3

    Food was more a distraction than a desire.

    4

    There are a zillion fast food restaurants around here.

    5

    Pushing the plate aside so the food would cool, he began slicing the rest of the roast.

    6

    I left some food in the kitchen.

    7

    Together they went to the kitchen and began putting the food in serving bowls.

    8

    But if they don't want our food, why would they follow us?

    9

    The men silently devoured their food and then helped her clean up the camp.

    10

    He offered to buy the food if I cooked the next week, I agreed.

    11

    Food issues are complex and deeply emotional.

    12

    She plunged into the food on her plate, discovering that Brandon wasn't bragging about his mother's cooking.

    13

    I think in the future, food will be free.

    14

    She finished the last of the food on her plate and carried it to the sink.

    15

    She stared at her food.

    16

    It was not the chewy ship food.

    17

    She'd been ignoring Kevin's calls for two days without caring he was the only person who could help her put food on the table.

    18

    I have eaten food pretty much my whole life.

    19

    They ate and then she put the remaining food in the refrigerator for Alex.

    20

    Alex didn't like highly spiced food, so she decided to bake Cornish game hens for the base of the meal.

    21

    We stopped briefly for a fast food lunch.

    22

    We carefully examined our as yet untouched food supply.

    23

    He still had food on his own plate.

    24

    They ate dinner at the busy food court.

    25

    In addition, how food affects us unquestionably has a lot to do with genetic factors, and because everyone has a different genetic makeup, different foods affect each of us differently.

    26

    I foresee a day when, on a Sunday afternoon, a family might drive (or actually be driven by their car) out to a farm to see where food comes from.

    27

    Long term, we will be better off manufacturing our food as opposed to growing it.

    28

    The way in which such food when manufactured is incorporated into, and enabled to build up, the living substance is again hidden in obscurity.

    29

    Why is civility so lacking in discussions about food, nutrition, and food policy?

    30

    Food security is a real issue, and nations that do not at least produce some kinds of food are at risk.

    31

    Her father objected and said that no child of his should be deprived of his food on any account.

    32

    But were the Indians interested in the people, or the food the wagons contained?

    33

    He proceeded to thank God for the food and company.

    34

    I need it instead of food.

    35

    Do you have any food? she asked.

    36

    He motioned for her to sit and brought her food and water.

    37

    The moon can hold us, but we'll need food and supplies until the space battle is over.

    38

    Food had become an overlooked stranger, and she'd found herself leaving her studio only for the bathroom and the bedroom.

    39

    Let's get some food.

    40

    The idea was till recently currently accepted, that anything which plants absorbed from without, and which went to build up their organic substance, or to supply them with energy, or to exert some beneficial influence upon their metabolism, coiistituted their food.

    41

    The cattle lowed from hunger, finding no food on the sun-parched meadows.

    42

    A plate of half-finished food sat on the coffee table, and the kitchen was a disaster.

    43

    Even more frustrated, he pulled the food out of the oven and retreated to his office, not caring that he was drenched.

    44

    Add to this, a backpack, some food and liquid, not to mention your garments.

    45

    I mean real food, sustenance.

    46

    Partaking human food is now extraneous, yet can still be quite enjoyable.

    47

    As he refilled the human's glass he continued, Why don't you have a few more drinks, make yourself some food; I'm sure Sarah stocked the fridge with all your favorites.

    48

    Katie sent me in to get some cat food.

    49

    They grabbed food from the small cafeteria that was devoid of people at the late hour of morning.

    50

    People overestimate how much food they need.

    51

    Mrs. Watson was already up, and the scents of bacon and eggs reminded Lana how long she'd gone without real food.

    52

    I packed enough food for Jack for three days.

    53

    We have dog food, too.

    54

    Rhyn started the fire again and sat beside Toby.  He handed him the bag of clothing and food.  Toby withdrew the clothing skeptically.

    55

    After cleaning his water bowl out in the big stainless steel sink, she filled the bowl with water and set it on the floor near his food bowl.

    56

    Jim was trying to take food from Tim's plate.

    57

    Someone had food in their pantry at one point, but it was stale and consisted of canned food she wouldn't normally eat.

    58

    For the bundle which he had chosen had contained the food for the whole party.

    59

    Add to that how food itself is changing, our food choices change, our lifestyles change, and all along the way we are aging.

    60

    Eventually, he reasoned, the hungry hoards would overwhelm the beleaguered food supply.

    61

    Food also serves two other purposes.

    62

    I sat at a table where were rich food and wine in abundance, and obsequious attendance, but sincerity and truth were not; and I went away hungry from the inhospitable board.

    63

    The smell of the food the Preobrazhenskis were eating and a sense of hunger recalled him from these reflections; he had to get something to eat before going away.

    64

    Apparently scrounging food off the desert wasn't nearly as easy as harnessing a team of mules.

    65

    No, it wasn't our food they were after - it was mischief.

    66

    He was already responsible for her food and housing.

    67

    Hold that food while I change.

    68

    When the steaks were grilled and the corn and green beans boiled, the table was leaden with food, enough for a small army.

    69

    A slight burst of tears followed from Martha until Dean rendered a speech on survival of the fittest, the laws of the jungle, the food chain and supply and demand.

    70

    He assumed it was Fred, with a tray of food and a peck of good intentions, but just now, even his stepfather was not a welcome visitor.

    71

    Their food was served and they continued to chat about unimportant things with awkward silences filling the spaces.

    72

    Jackson left her to her thoughts for a while, then said, "You want to sit down or shall I bring your food to you."

    73

    The food at your open house was delicious.

    74

    Well, technically I have to eat, just not food.

    75

    Gerald piled the food on the table and looked up at Alex.

    76

    I thought we agreed there was no point in using your mother's old dishes when we could just serve our food from the pans we cook it in?

    77

    She dished up some vegetables and glanced at Katie, who was attempting to pile more food on Alex's plate.

    78

    He took a bite of food, obviously savoring its flavor before he swallowed.

    79

    She made a job of searching through the cabinet for the cat food and avoided his gaze as she handed him the box.

    80

    Katie glanced at him questioningly a few times, but he gave his attention to his food.

    81

    Katie picked at her food.

    82

    Alex attacked his food as if it were to blame for the havoc he had created at the table.

    83

    For now, food and water will be good.

    84

    Keep my men with food and water, and I'll marry you if our paths ever cross, he said.

    85

    There was no running water, no food supplies, no energy whatsoever, just a deteriorating building with a score of insurgents and a small black box.

    86

    Light, water, you have food, too?

    87

    The four men were clean, neatly dressed, and without the signs of lack of sleep or food that Brady's men displayed.

    88

    No supplies, no water, no food, hundreds of thousands of refugees trying to survive on nothing.

    89

    She chewed her lip as she watched the micro map multiple routes, gauging how much food and water she'd have to carry to survive.

    90

    Brady's stomach roared at the scent of real food.

    91

    Lana found herself eating faster than she should have, hungry for real food after ten days of appetite suppressants and the dehydrated staples that she'd stuffed her bag full of.

    92

    She had enough for a month, but after a few days, she found herself wishing for real food instead of the stale bars.

    93

    Men and women worked over large cauldrons of food in one building while young men and women focused on making blankets, clothes, and other textiles in another.

    94

    They surrounded him, offering him whatever food they had and petting him.

    95

    She sat with a plate of food, not eating.

    96

    We don't have enough food down here to last for too long.

    97

    She took them and shivered in the chilly night.  Food and sleep had become luxuries during their travel.

    98

    Gabriel handed her the food and water gummy cubes she'd first had in Hell.

    99

    She considered throwing the tasteless food cubes to the trees he warned her against feeding every day.

    100

    The angel was still shivering despite the fire.  He needed dry clothes and probably, human food.  There was one place where Rhyn could find them.

    101

    He ascended two floors to the hallway where Kris's supplies had been stocked.  He recalled how hard it could be taking care of a helpless creature like Katie or Toby.  He strode to the chamber that had served as a department store full of clothing to Kris's Immortals.  Not surprised to find the chamber ransacked, he sifted through the remaining clothing on the floor.  He guessed Toby's size and stuffed a bag with a few items before going to the food supplies.

    102

    Demons didn't eat human food, and the storage area was virtually untouched.  Rhyn grabbed several cans and packages of foodstuffs then left.

    103

    You don't bring something food and clothing if you don't care if it dies.  If you want it – Toby - to live, come to the castle this evening after dark falls.  We have matters to discuss.  Bring Kris.  If you want the angel to die then stay right here.

    104

    Gabriel glanced at her and straightened.  He handed her more food and water cubes then motioned for her to seat herself by the fire.

    105

    Katie ate her food and water cubes, waiting for Gabriel.  She fingered the second necklace he'd given her, not convinced Andre was wrong.  The beads felt like plastic, and something about Gabe had changed.

    106

    She counted the food and water cubes she had remaining.

    107

    The phantom pointed to the pouch with the food cubes.

    108

    She handed the pale woman a food and water cube and popped two of her own.  Standing, she waded into the brush where she'd thrown the knife.  It glinted in the morning light.  Katie swiped it, glad the trees didn't have a taste for metal as well as Immortal sustenance.

    109

    Toby hunched his shoulders.  He'd wandered far enough away from camp that he'd hoped to get some food before running from Ully, who was still sleeping.

    110

    Katie said, rising.  The ground still rumbled, the trees surrounding both food cubes expanding fast and tearing up the ground in several directions as they did.  She looked around, irritated to find she'd caused a chasm to form between them and the direction they'd been running.

    111

    She needed sleep and real food.  Her hand went instinctively to her stomach, and she couldn't help wondering if the food and water cubes were good for the baby.

    112

    Toby was wrestling with a bush and didn't respond.  Katie breathed deeply and pushed forward, wanting very much to stop and sleep but suspecting she'd never awaken if she did.  She didn't have enough food cubes to drive off more than one more demon attack.  They'd have to find Rhyn and Gabe fast.

    113

    We need to get to safety, and I don't have enough food to blow up the amount of trees it'll take to stop a herd of demons.

    114

    Nothing I can't handle.  I have Kiki, Tamer, and Erik on lockdown.  A week without food, and they're happy to help.  Kiki is running most things, until I figure them out.

    115

    He began his ritual of locking up and putting out a bowl of canned cat food for Mrs. Lincoln, who came on the run at the sound of the refrigerator door.

    116

    If I don't get some food, I'll faint or die or something.

    117

    We have to get you a good stiff drink and a stomach full of food.

    118

    Dean had a good buzz going and could only imagine the effect of the booze on the five-foot frame of his dinner partner—a frame without food most of the day.

    119

    The scales showed seven pounds less, he was eating baskets of fruit and goody-goody health food, plus he'd laid off the booze completely.

    120

    She removed the lid from a plastic trash can and scooped out some food for him.

    121

    Dumping it in his food bowl, she watched a moment as he wolfed it down.

    122

    Finally there had been direction in her life that had nothing to do with money - animals that had nothing to do with food on the table.

    123

    Maybe she should bring his food to the horse barn.

    124

    Carmen stepped outside with her food and fed it to the cat.

    125

    Mom would have been horrified to see her do that to perfectly good food.

    126

    The waitress arrived with their food and placed it before them.

    127

    Alex thanked her, and when she left, he turned his attention to the food.

    128

    She shopped responsibly, but this time she picked up healthy fresh fruit and vegetables – something she previously would have had to replace with canned food.

    129

    Besides, food out of a can was... canned food – no cooking skills were required.

    130

    By the time he arrived, she had the table set and his plate filled with food.

    131

    She focused on her food.

    132

    His lips thinned into a straight line as he focused on the food in his plate.

    133

    I needed the food.

    134

    She was putting the last bowl of food on the table when Alex walked into the kitchen.

    135

    His gaze wandered over her face absently and then finally returned to his food.

    136

    She was living in a warm dry house with all the food she could eat and no worries.

    137

    Alex had given her more than a roof over her head and food.

    138

    His attention was focused on the food in his plate.

    139

    The smell of burning food broke into her thoughts.

    140

    Leaving the food on the table, she decided to take a bath.

    141

    She dressed and went to the kitchen to warm up some food for him.

    142

    There was little she could do other than put the food up so it wouldn't spoil and wait for him to come home.

    143

    The kitchen would smell of good food and her soft neck would be as fragrant as spring flowers.

    144

    In her mind's eye, she could see Mom, gray-haired, wrinkled and tired - but still taking joy in putting food on the table for Dad.

    145

    She toyed with her food, gaze going to the closed door behind which her two-year-old daughter slept.

    146

    I miss food so much, Damian, she said with a sigh.

    147

    He was hungry for something besides food, but he couldn't have her.

    148

    At last, he gave up trying to make up for it with food and rose from the table.

    149

    You and I are probably the only people who consider cheeseburgers a food group.

    150

    Haven't eaten real food in weeks.

    151

    Her stomach roared to life, and even the demon paused at her body's reaction to the food.

    152

    When she sat back with a belly stretched to its limit, the scent and food disappeared.

    153

    Torches blazed, and rich food began to appear on long tables.

    154

    Mow it down, plow it under and plant food that had to be tended.

    155

    The teens were ready when he reached the food court.

    156

    The girl probably didn't have a dime, and if she knew Alex, he had probably bought the food she was eating.

    157

    I haven't eaten real food in weeks.

    158

    The unseen creature placed a plate of food beside her.

    159

    As much as she ate, she didn't seem to dent the plate of food.

    160

    The belly full of food made her drowsy.

    161

    Memon presided over all before him, at times as still as the statues lining the halls and at times barking orders for more wine or shouting at servants who placed food wrong on the tables.

    162

    To her, the rifle was a method of defending herself or getting food when there would otherwise be none.

    163

    Regardless, she didn't like to shoot with anything but a camera - and they didn't need the food.

    164

    Alex, Bill and Jonathan were examining a lawn mower that wouldn't start while Carmen and Katie were preparing the food.

    165

    For a moment she thought he was going to say something to Rob, but his attention returned to the food on his plate.

    166

    His gaze shifted to a bowl of food.

    167

    A dog just ate up food.

    168

    The owners said there were wild plum and cherry trees, all kinds of nuts and berries - a regular gold mine of natural food.

    169

    The only thing left to purchase was food, and there was bound to be a store near the cabin.

    170

    Hamburgers, hot dogs, onion rings, French fries - you know, the usual fast food stuff.

    171

    Megan took her supplies to the car while Clara cooked her food.

    172

    When Megan reached the counter, Clara had her food ready.

    173

    Megan took a table near the window and ate the food while she watched the sleepy town.

    174

    She finished her food and threw the paper plate in the trash.

    175

    All this food underfoot and what did mankind do?

    176

    He managed to catch a few stray rats for food, but they tasted different.

    177

    He even tried to eat real food, like his mother and everyone else around him did.

    178

    One drop then two fell to the ground, and he almost flinched at the thought of his only real food in a week escaping him.

    179

    Even with his belly full, Xander's senses were nearly ensnared by the scent of food.

    180

    Because apparently, to humans, explosions were more interesting than the fact they were watching him – a creature that hunted humans – cook their food.

    181

    Out of options, she took the cat's food and wine into the bedroom and put them on the floor beside the bed.

    182

    She rose and moved the food and wine dishes closer to the edge of the bed then lay across the top.

    183

    If the cat got near the food, she should be able to grab it.

    184

    Jessi held her breath as it went to the food dish and began eating.

    185

    Almost like the cat's eyes, who snatched a mouthful of food and ducked under the bed again.

    186

    Jessi whirled to see the cat huddled over its bowl of food.

    187

    She went to the fridge and retrieved a lemon, pausing to stare at the food in the massive refrigerator.

    188

    She ate a chicken salad in relative peace at the mall's food court.

    189

    Ashley asked as they reached the food court.

    190

    The scent of human food made his nose wrinkle.

    191

    She paused at the edge of the food court and caught sight of Xander and the girls.

    192

    Instead, she grabbed a coffee and sat across the food court, within view.

    193

    Tell Xander you're going to walk around for about half an hour and you'll meet him back at the food court.

    194

    Jessi did her best to compose herself as she returned to the food court.

    195

    Xander waited until this bout of anger settled enough for him to deal with the woman who frustrated him then rose, making his way back to the food court.

    196

    Jessi drew out the inevitable by taking her time to select her food.

    197

    It is covered with numerous large papillae, and forms, like the trunk of the elephant, an admirable organ for the examination and prehension of food.

    198

    The females have relatively large tusks, which are essential in obtaining their food.

    199

    The most important of these are the greater tolerance by the African animal of sunlight, and the hard nature of its food, which consists chiefly of boughs and roots.

    200

    The reproductive individuals have undergone an extraordinary simplification of the organs concerned with the collection and digestion of food.

    201

    It is only necessary to bear in mind the great part played by sterilization in the laboratory, and pasteurization on the fermentation industries and in the preservation of food materials.

    202

    The seeds and the rhizomes contain an abundance of starch, which renders them serviceable in some places for food.

    203

    The newly hatched insect closely resembles the parent, and the wing-rudiments appear externally on the second and third thoracic segments; but before the final moult the nymph remains quiescent, taking no food.

    204

    After another moult the insect passes into the passive nymphal or " pupal " stage, during which it takes no food and rests in some safe hiding-place, such as the soil at the base of its food-plant or the hollow of a leaf-stalk.

    205

    During summer there may be eight or nine successive generations when conditions are favourable and food abundant.

    206

    The food of this species seems to consist of the seeds and buds of many sorts of trees, though the staple may very possibly be those of some kind of pine.

    207

    The droppings of stall-fed horses, or of such as have been kept on dry food, should be made use of.

    208

    Hares, rabbits, field-mice, waterrats, rats, squirrels, moles, game-birds, pigeons, and small birds, form the chief food of the wild cat.

    209

    Its seeds are very large, and are used as food by the natives.

    210

    There were civil laws which regulated clothing, food and social festivity.

    211

    The food of the adult is almost exclusively animal, - insects, especially large ants, snails, lizards and snakes, but it also eats certain large red berries.

    212

    The hilly regions of Limousin, Prigord and the Cvennes are the home of the chestnut, which in some places is still a staple food; walnuts grow on the lower levels of the central plateau and in lower Dauphin and Provence, figs and almonds in Provence, oranges and citrons on the Mediterranean coast, apricots in central France, the olive in Provcnce and the lower valleys of the Rhneand Durancc. Truffles arc found under Silk Cocoons.

    213

    Snails are reared in some parts of the country as an article of food, those of Burgundy being specially esteemed.

    214

    Water traffic, which is chiefly in heavy merchandise, as coal, building materials, and agriculture and food produce, more than doubled in volume between 1881 and 1905.

    215

    Amongst exports manufactured goods (silk, cotton and woollen goods, fancy wares, apparel, &c.) come before raw materials and articles of food (wine and dairy products bought chiefly by England).

    216

    The decline both in imports and in exports of articles of food, which is the most noteworthy fact exhibited in the preceding table, was due to the almost prohibitive tax in the Customs Law of 1892, upon agricultural products.

    217

    Held between the thumb and fingers of the right hand, they are used as tongs to take up portions of the food, which is brought to table cut up into small and convenient pieces, or as means for sweeping the rice and small particles of food into the mouth from the bowl.

    218

    Many rules of etiquette govern the proper conduct of the chopsticks; laying them across the bowl is a sign that the guest wishes to leave the table; they are not used during a time of mourning, when food is eaten with the fingers; and various methods of handling them form a secret code of signalling.

    219

    Its general habits and food appear to resemble those of other bandicoots.

    220

    The Greeks held out for a considerable time, but had finally to surrender, probably from want of food, to Simon Maccabaeus, who demolished the Acra and cut down the hill upon which it stood so that it might no longer be higher than the Temple, and that there should be no separation between the latter and the city.

    221

    Thus for the 7th, 14th, 21 st, 28th and also the 19th days of the intercalary Elul it is prescribed that "the shepherd of many nations is not to eat meat roast with fire nor any food cooked by fire, he is not to change the clothes on his body nor put on gala dress, he may not bring sacrifices nor may the king ride in his chariot, he is not to hold court nor may the priest seek an oracle for him in the sanctuary, no physician may attend the sick room, the day is not favourable for invoking curses, but at night the king may bring his gift into the presence of Marduk and Ishtar.

    222

    Australia is inhabited by at least if o different species of marsupials, which is about two-thirds of the known species; these have been arranged in five tribes, according to the food they eat, viz., the grass-eaters (kangaroos), the root-eaters (wombats), the insect-eaters (bandicoots), the flesh-eaters (native cats and rats), and the fruit-eaters (phalangers).

    223

    Among the sea fish, the schnapper is of great value as an article of food, and its weight comes up to 50 lb.

    224

    Bidwillii, or the bunyabunya, afforded food in its nut-like seeds to the aborigines.

    225

    Their food was the meat they killed in the chase, or seeds and roots, grubs or reptiles.

    226

    As to food, they are omnivorous.

    227

    Stringent rules, too, governed the food of women and the youth of both sexes, and it was only after initiation that boys were allowed to eat of all the game the forest provided.

    228

    Cannibalism was almost universal, either in the case of enemies killed in battle or when animal food was scarce.

    229

    The failure of the crops was almost universal and large numbers of sheep and cattle perished for want of food.

    230

    In 1903 he became chairman of the commission on food supply in time of war, and in 1909 of that on trade relations with Canada and the West Indies, receiving in 1911 the G.C.M.G.

    231

    The first dining car in England was run experimentally by the Great Northern railway between London and Leeds in 1879, and now such vehicles form a common feature on express trains, being available for all classes of passengers without extra charge beyond the amount payable for food.

    232

    Their object may be (a) to provide a guide to the other world; (b) to provide the dead with servants or a retinue suitable to his rank; (c) to send messengers to keep the dead informed of the things of this world; (d) to strengthen the dead by the blood or life of a living being, in the same way that food is offered to them or blood rituals enjoined on mourners.

    233

    This word, he complains, should denote the heavenly food, the reasonable feast alone, and the Lord never used it of mere junketings.

    234

    He describes for instance the Sunday games in the village, football, and the struggle for food at great feasts; 1 Script.

    235

    He became president of a consumers' food council in Dec. 1917, so that the office might keep in regular touch with the needs of the public. When Lord Rhondda died, in June 1918, he succeeded him to the general satisfaction.

    236

    But even he reckoned the books of Daniel and Esther as canonical, and these were dangerous food for men who did not realize the full power of Rome.

    237

    But there has been considerable interference (ostensibly on humanitarian grounds) with the Jewish method of slaughtering animals for food (Shehitah) and the method was prohibited by a referendum in 1893.

    238

    They are brave and not unenergetic, though the soft climate and the abundance of food discourage industry.

    239

    All his energies were now directed to securing food and vessels for its transportation and to directing its distribution in Belgium.

    240

    Some idea of the business efficiency of the C.R.B., as it was familiarly called, may be gained from the fact that although almost $1,000,000,000 was expended on food and transportation, only about one-half of one per cent was required for overhead expenses.

    241

    Already as chairman of the food section of the Council of National Defense he had begun to marshal all the agencies for economizing, especially on those foods which the Allies needed.

    242

    Storehouses of food were established at various centres and a system of food-drafts was devised whereby relatives and friends could send relief where it was needed.

    243

    These cocoons, which may often be seen carried between the mandibles of the workers, are the "ants' eggs" prized as food for fish and pheasants.

    244

    These workers then take on themselves the labour of the colony, some collecting food, which they transfer to their comrades within the nest whose duty is to tend and feed the larvae.

    245

    The foundress-queen is now waited on by the workers, who supply her with food and spare her all cares of work, so that henceforth she may devote her whole energies to egg-laying.

    246

    It is thought that the differences are, in part at least, due to differences in the nature of the food supplied to larvae, which are apparently all alike.

    247

    Each kind of ant is so addicted to its own particular fungal food that it refuses disdainfully, even when hungry, the produce of an alien nest.

    248

    This consideration leads us to one of the most remarkable and fascinating features of 'ant-communities - the presence in the nests of insects and other small arthropods, which are tended and cared for by the ants as their " guests," rendering to the ants in return the sweet food which they desire.

    249

    While some of these " guest " insects produce secretions that furnish the ants with food, some seem to be useless inmates of the nest, obtaining food from the ants and giving nothing in return.

    250

    Others again play the part of thieves in the ant society; C. Janet observed a small bristle-tail (Lepismima) to lurk beneath the heads of two Lasius workers, while one passed food to the other, in order to steal the drop of nourishment and to make off with it.

    251

    On patting their carrier or some passing ant, the mites are supplied with food, no service being rendered by them in return for the ants' care.

    252

    The warmth, shelter and abundant food in the nests, due both to the fresh supplies brought in by the ants and to the large amount of waste matter that accumulates, must prove strongly attractive to the various " guests."

    253

    The Solenopsis can make its way into the territory of the Formica to steal the larvae which serve it as food, but the Formica is too large to pursue the thief when it returns to its own galleries.

    254

    Ants invite one another to work, or ask for food from one another, by means of pats with the feelers; and they respond to the solicitations of their guest-beetles or mites, who ask for food by patting the ants with their feet.

    255

    For them the pollen is an attraction as food, or some other part of the flower offers an inducement to them for a like object.

    256

    Marie Jeanne, in fact, took great care of the child's person, and there is documentary evidence to prove that he had air and food.

    257

    The story runs that food was passed through the bars to the child, who survived in spite of the accumulated filth of his surroundings.

    258

    Glycerin is useless as a food and is not in any sense a substitute for cod-liver oil.

    259

    A purely pastoral people, they move from pasture to pasture, as food becomes deficient.

    260

    Swine and poultry were used for food to a greater extent than oxen, which were bred chiefly for ploughing.

    261

    According to early methods of cropping, which were destined to prevail for centuries, wheat, the chief article of food, was sown in one autumn, reaped the next August; the following spring, oats or barley were sown, and the year following the harvest was a period of fallow.

    262

    In the absence of artificial grasses and roots, hay was very valuable; it constituted almost the only winter food for live stock, which were consequently in poor condition in spring.

    263

    Having arrived at the conclusion that the food of plants consists of minute particles of earth taken up by their rootlets, it followed that the more thoroughly the soil in which they grew was disintegrated, the more abundant would be the " pasture " (as he called it) to which their fibres would have access.

    264

    As the distance between his rows appeared much greater than was necessary for the range of the roots of the plants, he begins by showing that these roots extend much farther than is commonly believed, and then proceeds to inquire into the nature of their food.

    265

    The Sale of Food and Drugs Act 1899 has special reference in its earlier sections to the trade in dairy produce and margarine.

    266

    The non-nitrogenous substance (the fat) in the increase in live weight of an animal is, at any rate in great part, if not entirely, derived from the non-nitrogenous constituents of the food.

    267

    Of the nitrogenous compounds in food, on the other hand, only a small proportion of the whole consumed is finally stored up in the increase of the animal - in other words, a very large amount of nitrogen passes through the body beyond that which is finally retained in the increase, and so remains for manure.

    268

    Hence it is that the amount of food consumed to produce a given amount of increase in live weight, as well as that required for the sustentation of a given live weight for a given time, should - provided the food be not abnormally deficient in nitrogenous substance - be characteristically dependent on its supplies of digestible and available non-nitrogenous constituents.

    269

    It has further been shown that, in the exercise of force by animals, there is a greatly increased expenditure of the non-nitrogenous constituents of food, but little, if any, of the nitrogenous.

    270

    As, however, the manure of the animals of the farm is valuable largely in proportion to the nitrogen it contains, there is, so far, an advantage in giving a food somewhat rich in nitrogen, provided it is in other respects a good one, and, weight for weight, not much more costly.

    271

    During the whole time the animal is living the feeder has to pay what has been termed the " life tax " - that is, so much of the food has to go to the maintenance of the animal as a living organism, independently of that which may be undergoing conversion into what will subsequently be available in the form of beef or mutton.

    272

    The average daily gain in live weight is thus arrived at, and as the animal increases in age this average gradually diminishes, until the daily gain reaches a stage at which it does not afford any profitable return upon the food consumed.

    273

    Their food consists mainly of the sap obtained from the leaves and blossom of plants, but some also live on the roots of plants (Phylloxera vastatrix and Schizoneura lanigera).

    274

    We understand by economics the science which investigates the manner in which nations or other larger or smaller communities, and their individual members, obtain food, clothing, shelter and whatever else is considered desirable or necessary for the maintenance and improvement of the conditions of life.

    275

    Weapons, food, water, unguents and various trinkets were laid with the corpse at all periods.

    276

    The food passing into the crop is there acted on by the saliva and also by an acid gastric juice which passes forwards from the stomach through the proventriculus.

    277

    These differences in larval form depend in part on the surroundings among which the larva finds itself after hatching; the active, armoured grub has to seek food for itself and to fight its own battles, while the soft, defenceless maggot is provided with abundant nourishment.

    278

    These later stages, comprising the greater part of the larval history, are adapted for an inquiline or a parasitic life, where shelter is assured and food abundant, while the short-lived, active condition enables the newly-hatched insect to make its way to the spot favourable for its future development, clinging, for example, in the case of an oil-beetle's larva, to the hairs of a bee as she flies towards her nest.

    279

    The difference between the nymph or false pupa and the true pupa is that in the latter a whole stage is devoted to the perfecting of the wings and body-wall after the wings have become external organs; the stage is one in which no food is or can be taken, however prolonged may be its existence.

    280

    It may bite and devour solid food, while the imago sucks liquids.

    281

    Young animals always unlike parents, the wing-rudiments developing beneath the larval cuticle and only appearing in a penultimate pupal instar, which takes no food and is usually passive.

    282

    The specialization of form in the constricted abdomen and in the suctorial " tongue " that characterizes the higher families of the order is correlated with the habit of careful egg-laying and provision of food for the young.

    283

    Blanchard published some Recherches sur les caracteres osteo- logiques des oiseaux appliquees a la classification naturelle de ces animaux, strongly urging the superiority of such characters over those drawn from the bill or feet, which, he remarks, though they may have sometimes given correct notions, have mostly led to mistakes, and, if observations of habits and food have sometimes afforded happy results, they have often been deceptive; so that, should more be wanted than to draw up a mere inventory of creation or trace the distinctive outline of each species, zoology without anatomy would remain a barren study.

    284

    The mackerel most esteemed as food is the common species, and individuals from 10 to 12 in.

    285

    Except in the extreme north and south, and on the tops of the highest mountains, where there is no insect life as food supply, spiders are found all over the world, even in isolated oceanic islands.

    286

    And when we turn to the other line along which the web-building instinct has been developed we find that the primary guiding influence has been that second great vital necessity, namely the necessity of getting food.

    287

    The meal, in fact, is so rich in protein that it is best utilized as a food for animals when mixed with some coarse fodder, thus furnishing a more evenly-balanced ration.

    288

    He opposed the suggested Federal control of food and fuel.

    289

    The rivers are well stocked with fish, especially with salmon, which forms a common article of food.

    290

    The food must be digested, absorbed and excreted with great rapidity.

    291

    Behind their villages the rice-fields usually spread, and rice, which is the staple food of the people, is the principal article of agriculture among them.

    292

    For the first requisites of a primitive settlement - food supply and defence - it afforded every advantage.

    293

    More than one-fourth of the value of its manufactures is in Quaker Oats and other food preparations; among those of less importance are lumber and planing-mill products, foundry and machineshop products, furniture, patent medicines, pumps, carriages and waggons, packed meats and agricultural implements.

    294

    Besides the use of the straw when cut up and mixed with other food for fodder, the oat grain constitutes an important food for both man and beast.

    295

    Oatmeal is made from the kiln-dried grain from which the husks have been removed; and the form of the food is the well-known "porridge."

    296

    The passing of the Food and Drug Acts (1875-1899) in England, and the existence of similar adulteration acts in other countries, have occasioned great progress in the analysis of foods, drugs, &c. For further information on this branch of analytical chemistry, see Adulteration.

    297

    Food is imbibed through the skin from the digestive juices of the host in which the Acanthocephala live.

    298

    The use of salicylic acid as a food preservative, was, however, condemned in the findings of the commission appointed by the government of the United States of America, in 1904.

    299

    Its food appears to be cuttlefishes, small fishes and crustaceans.

    300

    During the absence from home of his owner the wolf was sent to a menagerie, but pined for his master and would scarcely take any food for a considerable time.

    301

    It is not improbable that all dogs sprang from one common source, but climate, food and cross-breeding caused variations of form which suggested particular uses, and these being either designedly or accidentally perpetuated, the various breeds of dogs arose, and became numerous in proportion to the progress of civilization.

    302

    Having been deprived of his sight by the gods for his ill-treatment of his sons by his first wife (or for having revealed the future to mortals), he was condemned to be tormented by two Harpies, who carried off whatever food was placed before him.

    303

    Accordingly, when the Harpies appeared as usual to carry off the food from Phineus's table, they were driven off and pursued by Calais and Zetes, the sons of Boreas, as far as the Strophades islands in the Aegean.

    304

    Jowaree is displacing rice as the staple food of the Somali.

    305

    In the rivers and lakes pike, pickerel, white fish and sturgeon supply food for the natives, and the brook trout is found in the small mountain streams. The turtle and frog also appear.

    306

    It is in proportion as a sedentary life prevails, and agricultural exploitation is practised on a larger scale, whilst warlike habits continue to exist, that the labour of slaves is increasingly introduced to provide food for the master, and at the same time save him from irksome toil.

    307

    Under him were the several groups employed in the different branches of the exploitation and the care of the cattle and flocks, as well as those who kept or prepared the food, clothing and tools of the whole staff and those who attended on the master in the various species of rural sports.

    308

    The master was, in return, to supply them with food and clothing.

    309

    He provided work for the deserving poor, supplied them with clothes and food in seasons of special distress.

    310

    Its pith was also a common article of food, and was eaten both cooked and in its natural state.

    311

    The instincts of nest-building, incubation and the rearing of young, though they occur later in life than those concerned in locomotion and the obtaining of food, are none the less founded on a hereditary basis, and in some respects are less rather than more liable to modification by the experience gained by the carrying out of hereditarily definite modes of procedure.

    312

    Spiders, caterpillars and grasshoppers are, he said, stung in their chief nerve-centres, in consequence of which the victims are not killed outright, but rendered motionless and continue to live in this paralysed condition for several weeks, being thus available as food for the larvae when these are hatched.

    313

    In former times it was a common article of food in England and France, but is now rarely if ever eaten, being valuable only for the oil obtained from its blubber.

    314

    A state sugar experiment station is maintained at Audubon Park in New Orleans, its work embracing the development of seedlings, the improvement of cane varieties, the study of fungus diseases of the cane, the improvement of mill methods and the reconciliation of such methods (for example, the use of sulphur as a bleaching and clarifying agent) with the requirements of " pure food " laws.

    315

    Among the most important are the robalo (Labrax), an exquisite food fish, the tunny, eel, Spanish sardine and mangua.

    316

    The American people had sent food to the reconcentrados; President McKinley, while opposing recognition of the rebels, affirmed the possibility of intervention; Spain resented this attitude; and finally, in February 1898, the United States battleship " Maine " was blown up - by whom will probably never be known - in the harbour of Havana.

    317

    The imports consist principally of food stuffs, building materials, drinks, sugar, machinery, glass, fats, clothes, wooden and stone wares, and various manufactured goods.

    318

    At the entrance to the Euxine, at Salmydessus on the coast of Thrace, they met Phineus, the blind and aged king whose food was being constantly polluted by the Harpies.

    319

    By constructing an entrenched camp at Ulm and concentrating all the available food within it, he expected to compel Napoleon to invest and besiege him, and he anticipated that in the devastated country his adversary would be compelled to separate and thus fall an easy prey to the Russians.

    320

    Actually the French at this moment were suffering the most terrible distress - up to the Danube they had still found sufficient food for existence, but south of it, in the track of the Austrians, they found nothing.

    321

    The road now lay completely open, but the Austrian columns had so opened out owing to the state of the roads that the leading troops could not pursue their advantage - Dupont rallied and the Austrians had actually to fall back towards Ulm to procure food.

    322

    Urgent messages were sent off to the Commissary von Goethe (the poet), at Weimar for permission to requisition food and firewood.

    323

    The moral effect, he promised himself, would be prodigious, and there was neither room nor food for these 100,000 elsewhere.

    324

    On the 4th of October he again drew up a review of the situation, in which he apparently contemplated giving up his communications with France and wintering in and around Dresden, though at the same time he is aware of the distress amongst his men for want of food.

    325

    If, however, he was weak in numbers, he was now again operating in a friendly country, able to find food almost everywhere and practically indifferent as to his communications.

    326

    The eider-duck, guillemot and other sea-birds are in some parts valuable for food in winter, and so is the ptarmigan.

    327

    Callias And Hipponicus The exports from Callao are guano, sugar, cotton, wool, hides, silver, copper, gold and forest products, and the imports include timber and other building materials, cotton and other textiles, general merchandise for personal, household and industrial uses, railway material, coal, kerosene, wheat, flour and other food stuffs.

    328

    The appendix de Benedictionibus to the Rituale Romanum contains formulae, often of much simple beauty, for blessing all manner of persons and things, from the congregation as a whole and sick men and women, to railways, ships, blast-furnaces, lime-kilns, articles of food, medicine and medical bandages and all manner of domestic animals.

    329

    Typical plants are holophytic, that is, they obtain their food substances from purely mineral sources.

    330

    Since there is less of the indispensable food material in the warmer seas there is, therefore, less phyto-plankton.

    331

    The third body region or trunk may attain a great length, one or two feet, or even more, and is also muscular, but the truncal muscles are of subordinate importance in locomotion, serving principally to promote the peristaltic contractions of the body by which the food is carried through the gut.

    332

    His army was in serious distress; he was in want of food and supplies; most of his horses were dead, and his men were deserting.

    333

    The French, on the other hand, had great difficulty in establishing any such reserves of food, owing to their practice of depending for sustenance entirely upon the country in which they were quartered.

    334

    Before the days of the "higher criticism" and the rise of the modern scientific views as to the origin of species, there was much discussion among the learned, and many ingenious and curious theories were advanced, as to the number of the animals and the space necessary for their reception, with elaborate calculations as to the subdivisions of the ark and the quantities of food, &c., required to be stored.

    335

    Among the chief industries are those for the production of articles of food and drink.

    336

    In Arabia it is the chief source of national wealth, and its fruit forms the staple article of food in that country.

    337

    Nor is it, when newly gathered, heating, - a defect inherent to the preserved fruit everywhere; nor does its richness, however great, bring satiety; in short it is an article of food alike pleasant and healthy."

    338

    In the oases of Sahara, and in other parts of Northern Africa, dates are pounded and pressed into a cake for food.

    339

    Although very heavy falls of snow take place in the alpine tracts - especially about Lake Baikal - on the other side, in the steppe regions of the Altai and Transbaikalia and in the neighbourhood of Krasnoyarsk, the amount of snow is so small that travellers use wheeled vehicles, and cattle are able to find food in the steppe.

    340

    For days consecutively the horse of the explorer can get no other food than the dwarf birch.

    341

    On the defeat of the adventurer Stenka Razin (1667-1671) many who were unwilling to submit to the iron rule of Moscow made their way to the settlements of Stroganov in Perm, and tradition has it that, in order to get rid of his guests, Stroganov suggested to their chief, Yermak, that he should cross the Urals into Siberia, promising to help him with supplies of food and arms. Yermak entered Siberia in 1580 with a band of 1636 men, following the Tagil and Tura rivers.

    342

    To avoid conflicts with the denser populations of the south, they preferred to advance eastwards along higher latitudes; meanwhile Moscow erected forts and settled labourers around them to supply the garrisons with food.

    343

    In the same address he called attention to the conditions of the world's food supply, urging that with the low yield at present realized per acre the supply of wheat would within a comparatively short time cease to be equal to the demand caused by increasing population, and that since nitrogenous manures are essential for an increase in the yield, the hope of averting starvation, as regards those races for whom wheat is a staple food, depended on the ability of the chemist to find an artificial method for fixing the nitrogen of the air.

    344

    The food passes into these lobes, which may be found crowded with diatoms, and without doubt a large part of the digestion is carried on inside the liver.

    345

    A scorpion appears to prefer for its food another scorpion, and will suck out the juices of an individual as large as itself.

    346

    Their flesh is used as an article of food, that of the paca being highly esteemed.

    347

    These turtles are so numerous that their flesh and eggs have long been a principal food supply for the Indian population of that region.

    348

    Fish is a staple food of the Indian tribes of the Amazon region, and their fishing season is during the period of low water.

    349

    Among the palms there are several of great economic value, not only as food producers but also for various domestic uses.

    350

    The fruit of the pupunha or peach palm (Guilielma speciosa) is an important food among the Indians of the Amazon valley, where the tree was cultivated by them long before the discovery of America.

    351

    Another highly useful palm is the carnauba or carnahuba (Copernicia cerifera) which supplies fruit, medullary meal, food for cattle, boards and timber, fibre, wax and medicine.

    352

    The first explorers of Brazil reported a numerous Indian population, but, as the sea-coast afforded a larger and more easily acquired food supply than did the interior, the Indian population was probably numerous only in a comparatively small part of this immense territory, along the sea-coast.

    353

    Mandioca was cultivated by the natives before the discovery of America, and the wide area over which it has been distributed warrants the conclusion that the discovery of its value as a food and the means of separating its poisonous properties must have occurred at a very remote period.

    354

    In the Amazon valley fish is a principal article of food, and large quantities of pirarucu (Sudis gigas) are caught during the season of low water and prepared for storage or market by drying in the sun.

    355

    The garrison held out till the 30th of July 1885 when owing to lack of food they capitulated.

    356

    This is universally grown by the natives and forms their staple food; it is also grown by the Indians, and by the white farmers for export.

    357

    The besieged had suffered greatly from lack of food.

    358

    When nineteen he entered the Dominican convent and in 1525 took the vows; and, with the leave of his prior, shared his daily allowance of food with his mother.

    359

    He advocated the repeal of the corn-laws, not essentially in order to make food cheaper, but because it would develop industry and enable the manufacturers to get labour at low but sufficient wages; and he assumed that other countries would be unable to compete with England in manufactures under free trade, at the prices which would be possible for English manufactured products.

    360

    There may be long-standing complaints of "indigestion," which is sometimes made better, sometimes worse, by taking food.

    361

    Difficulty and pain in swallowing may be complained of when the cancer is beginning to block the inlet, but if it is situated at the pylorus the discomfort comes on an hour or two after a meal - at the time that the partially digested food is trying to make its way into the small intestine.

    362

    Much of the food remains in the stomach and, undergoing fermentation, causes the evolution of gas which distends the stomach and gives rise to unavoidable belching.

    363

    The vomiting may take place every two or three days, enormous quantities of undigested food mixed with frothy, yeast-like mucous being thrown up. And whilst the stomach is slowly filling up again after one of these uncontrollable emptyings, sudden and violent movements of the individual may cause the fluid to give rise to audible "splashings."

    364

    When the growth is at the cardiac end of the stomach, blocking the gullet and causing slow starvation, the abdomen may advisedly be opened, and, the stomach having been fixed to the surface-wound, a permanent opening may be arranged for the introduction of an adequate amount of food.

    365

    In the case of pyloric obstruction a permanent opening may be established between the stomach and a neighbouring piece of intestine, so that the food may find its way along the alimentary canal greatly to the relief of the symptoms of gastric dilatation.

    366

    The war of each against all continued; no taxes could be collected; the holders of the royal domains refused to surrender them at the command of the diet; and the boy king had very often neither clothes to wear nor food to eat.

    367

    He was under the general influence of the mercantilist views, and approved of energetic governmental interference in industrial matters, of high taxes on foreign manufactures and low duties on raw materials and articles of food, and attached great importance to a dense population.

    368

    The central authority in Austria was steadily breaking down, and the food crisis was rendered still more acute by the widespread formation of " Green Cadres " - well organized armed bands which held positions in the mountains and defied capture.

    369

    This selection depends on the fact that more young are born than the natural provision of food will support.

    370

    By others the word " fluctuation " is apparently applied only to those small " acquired " variations due to the direct action of changes in food, moisture and other features of the environment.

    371

    The Scyths lived upon the produce of their herds of cattle and horses, their main food being the flesh of the latter, either cooked in a cauldron or made into a kind of haggis, and the milk of mares from which they made cheese and kumiss (a fermented drink resembling buttermilk).

    372

    Maize is the staple food of the Kaffirs.

    373

    Machinery, provisions, largely in the form of tinned and otherwise preserved food, and liquors, clothing, textiles and hardware, chemicals and dynamite, iron and steel work and timber, and jewelry are the chief items in the imports.

    374

    These supplied the people with food, shelter, stock and implements.

    375

    Their chief food is rice and fish.

    376

    The fruit of the Guilielma is also widely used for food among the natives.

    377

    Indian corn is widely grown and provides the staple food of the people, especially in the interior.

    378

    Beans also are a common food, and are universally produced, especially the black bean.

    379

    Rice is a common article of food and is one of the principal imports.

    380

    The imports are chiefly rice (from India) and cotton goods for local use, and food stuffs, machinery, hardware and manufactured goods for Rhodesia.

    381

    The number of cod is still further reduced by the trade carried on in roe, large quantities of which are used in France as groundbait in the sardine fishery, while it also forms an article of human food.

    382

    As an article of food the cod-fish is in greatest perfection during the three months preceding Christmas.

    383

    These, salted and dried, are exported to all parts of the world, and form, when taken in connexion with the enormous quantity of fresh cod consumed, a valuable addition to the food resources of the human race.

    384

    If, in these circumstances, the food supply be also insufficient, the combination of influences is sure, in course of time, to bring about a physical deterioration of the race.

    385

    The vessels are only temporary channels by which is brought forward the food supply that is needed by the advancing army if it is suc-, cessfully to carry on its function; they probably also drain off the deleterious fluid substances formed by the cellular disintegration that has taken place in the part.

    386

    As fat is a food element essential to the carrying out of the vital energies of the cell, a certain amount of fatty matter must be present, in a form, however, unrecognizable by our present microchemical and staining methods.

    387

    Temperance in the use of alcohol has followed the demonstration not only of its unimportance as a food or tonic, but also of its harmfulness, save in very small quantities.

    388

    The Privy Council were at this time apprehensive of an approaching scarcity of food.

    389

    They differed from the other natives in the superior neatness of their method of preparing their food, and were more cleanly in their persons, bathing every morning, apparently as an act of devotion.

    390

    Masses of war material and food supplies were in the first instance removed, then most of the animals were got away, lastly portions of the troops began to embark and to proceed to Imbros or Mudros.

    391

    The food of the people consists as a rule of boiled rice with salted fresh or dried fish, salt, sessamum-oil, chillies, onions, turmeric, boiled vegetables, and occasionally meat of some sort from elephant flesh down to smaller animals, fowls and almost everything except snakes, by way of condiment.

    392

    Other crops which are grown in the province, especially in Upper Burma, comprise maize, tilseed, sugar-cane, cotton, tobacco, wheat, millet, other food grains including pulse, condiments and spices, tea, barley, sago, linseed and other oil-seeds, various fibres, indigo and other dye crops, besides orchards and garden produce.

    393

    Salted fish forms, along with boiled rice, one of the chief articles of food among the Burmese; and as the price of salted fish is gradually rising along with the prosperity and purchasing power of the population, this industry is on a very sound basis.

    394

    Nanak said, "Ye who trust in me eat of this food."

    395

    All hesitated save Angad (or own body), who knelt and uncovered the dead, but, behold, the corpse had disappeared, and a dish of sacred food was found in its place.

    396

    Shoots, flowers and berries form the food of the indri, which was first discovered by the French traveller and naturalist Pierre Sonnerat in 1780.

    397

    He followed the advice, and thus refused the food which would have made him and his descendants immortal.

    398

    He speaks more favourably of the introduction of food into the stomach by a silver tube; and he strongly recommends the use of nutritive enemata.

    399

    They feed chiefly on roots and grasses, in search of which they often travel considerable distances; and when eating they sit on their haunches, holding their food in their fore-paws.

    400

    Owing to the slender resources of the Confederacy, the prison was frequently short of food, and even when this was sufficient in quantity it was of a poor quality and poorly prepared on account of the lack of cooking utensils.

    401

    The terrible conditions obtaining there were due to the lack of food supplies in the Confederate States, the incompetence of the prison officials, and the refusal of the Federal authorities in 1864 to make exchanges of prisoners, thus filling the stockade with unlooked-for numbers.

    402

    Therefore, roughly speaking, one ton of beetroot may be considered 'to-day as of the same value as one ton of canes; the value of the refuse chips in one case, as food for cattle, being put against the value of the refuse bagasse, as fuel, in the other.

    403

    These cakes, sold as food for cattle, fetch as much as £4 per ton in Rumania, where four or five beetroot factories are now at work.

    404

    Throughout Europe it continued to be a costly luxury and article of medicine only, till the increasing use of tea and coffee in the 18th century brought it into the list of principal food staples.

    405

    On the 12th Germinal he was in the tribune, reading a report on the food supplies, when the hall of the Convention was invaded by the rioters, and when they withdrew he quietly continued where he had been interrupted.

    406

    For twelve hours previously to its administration no food should be given, in order that the intestinal tract should be empty so as to expose the tapeworm to the full action of the drug.

    407

    Thus there are several words for eating, each applied to a particular article of food.

    408

    From it, directly or indirectly, are obtained all food materials needed by man and beast.

    409

    Lastly there is a form " soil," used by agriculturists, of the feeding and fattening of cattle with green food such as vetches.

    410

    In addition to its usefulness in maintaining a turgid state of the young cells without which growth cannot proceed, water is itself a plant food-material and as absorbed from the soil contains dissolved in it all the mineral food constituents needed by plants for healthy nutrition.

    411

    Whereas the soil used to be looked upon solely as a dead, inert material containing certain chemical substances which serve as food constituents.

    412

    Most of these more or less directly improve the land by adding to it certain plant food constituents which are lacking, but the effect of each process is in reality very complex.

    413

    In the majority of cases the good results obtained are more particularly due to the setting free of " dormant " or " latent " food constituents and to the amelioration of the texture of the soil, so that its aeration, drainage, temperature and water-holding capacity are altered for the better.

    414

    To this end he examined such immediate vital products as blood, bile and urine; he analysed the juices of flesh, establishing the composition of creatin and investigating its decomposition products, creatinin and sarcosin; he classified the various articles of food in accordance with the special function performed by each in the animal economy, and expounded the philosophy of cooking; and in opposition to many of the medical opinions of his time taught that the heat of the body is the result of the processes of combustion and oxidation performed within the organism.

    415

    A secondary result of this line of study was the preparation of his food for infants and of his extract of meat.

    416

    At night it crawls about in search of food, which consists to a small extent of dead animal or vegetable matter, but principally, as gardeners are aware, of the petals and other parts of flowers of growing shoots and soft ripe fruit.

    417

    These are kept most of the year in the Nafud, five or ten days' march from Hail, where they find their own food on the desert herbage.

    418

    Among fruit trees the vine, apricot, peach, apple, quince, fig and banana are cultivated in the highlands, and in the lower country the date palm flourishes, particularly throughout the central zone of Arabia, in Hejaz, Nejd and El Hasa, where it is the prime article of food.

    419

    The imports to Jidda in the same year were £1,405,000, largely consisting of rice, wheat and other food stuffs from India; the exports, which have dwindled away in late years, amounted in 1904 to only £25,000.

    420

    They had their own kings, lived as a close caste, and even imitated the Hindus in caste regulations of food and avoidance of pollution.

    421

    The American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is larger than the former, and is not uncommon in European seaports trading with America, being conveyed in cargoes of grain and other food produce.

    422

    It is a universal article of food in Peru, and the output is consumed in the country.

    423

    Maize is another important food product which is generally cultivated along the coast and in the lower valleys of the sierra.

    424

    It is the staple food everywhere, and little is exported.

    425

    The Cholos are never without it, and with it are able to perform incredible tasks with little food.

    426

    Potatoes are grown everywhere in the sierras, and with quinua are the only crops that can be raised for human food above 13,000 ft.

    427

    The latter it visits in the evening in search of food; and where roe are numerous the damage done to growing crops is considerable.

    428

    Those who go find means of bettering their own condition beyond the seas, where they become producers of food and raw material for the home country, and at the same time customers for her manufactured products.

    429

    At the same time improvements in agriculture and the opening up of new countries have enabled the modern community to gain its food and raw material with a less expenditure of labour force, and the surplus agricultural population has gone to the city.

    430

    Their food consists of meat, chiefly pork, turnips, rice, barley-meal and tea made from the brick-tea of China.

    431

    Among the fish may be mentioned the tunny, dolphin, mackerel, sardine, sea-bream, dentice and pagnell; wrasse, of exquisite rainbow hue and good for food; members of the herring family, sardines, anchovies, flying-fish, sea-pike; a few representatives of the cod family, and some flat fish; soles (very rare); Cernus which grows to large size; several species of grey and red mullet; eleven species of Triglidae, including the beautiful flying gurnard whose colours rival the angel-fish of the West Indies; and eighteen species of mackerel, all migratory.

    432

    The food of the working classes is principally bread, with oil, olives, cheese and fruit, sometimes fish, but seldom meat; common wine is largely imported from southern Europe.

    433

    To keep alive, in a fair standard of comfort, the population of 206,690, food supplies have to be imported for nine and a half months in the year.

    434

    The annual value of exports would be set off against imported food for about one month and a half.

    435

    The Maltese have to pay for food imports by imperial wages, earned' in connexion with naval and military services, by commercial services to passing steamers and visitors, by earnings which emigrants send home from northern Africa and elsewhere, and by interest on investments of Maltese capital abroad.

    436

    By September food and ammunition were getting scarce, a large relieving force was expected from Sicily, and Piali became restive, on the approach of the equinox, for the safety of his galleys.

    437

    Salomon Reinach, guided by the analogy of similar practices among the aborigines of Australia, and noticing that these primitive pictures represent none but animals that formed the staple food of the age and place, and that they are usually found in the deepest and darkest recesses of the caves where they could only be drawn and seen by torchlight, has argued that they were not intended for artistic gratification (a late motive in human art), but were magical representations destined to influence and perhaps attract the hunter's quarry.

    438

    A fresh issue of ammunition and food was all the men needed to make them a thoroughly efficient fighting force comprising some ioo,000 troops capable, with a resolute leader and an efficient staff, of crossing over to the right bank of the Moselle, overrunning the I.

    439

    Of this fact the Germans were well aware, and hence they decided from the first to reduce the place by hunger, calculating that with the extra 150,000 men thrown back upon the fortress, its food supplies could not last very long.

    440

    The canines are somewhat elongated, and were followed by a short gap in each jaw, and the cheek-teeth were adapted for succulent food.

    441

    Though a few may in some circumstances kill living creatures smaller than themselves for food, none are habitually predaceous.

    442

    The crop is followed by a proventriculus which, in the higher Hymenoptera, forms the so-called " honey stomach," by the contraction of whose walls the solid and liquid food can be separated, passed on into the digestive stomach, or held in the crop ready for regurgitation into the mouth.

    443

    Gall-fly grubs are provided with vegetable food through the eggs being laid by the mother insect within plant tissues.

    444

    The ichneumon pierces the body of a caterpillar and lays her eggs where the grubs will find abundant animal food.

    445

    Bees store honey and pollen to serve as food for their young.

    446

    The development of a true insect society among the Hymenoptera is dependent on a differentiation among the females between individuals with well-developed ovaries (" queens ") whose special function is reproduction; and individuals with reduced or aborted ovaries (" workers ") whose duty is to build the nest, to gather food and to tend and feed the larvae.

    447

    Reference has been already made to the various methods of feeding practised by Hymenoptera in the larval stage, and the care taken of or for the young throughout the order leads in many cases to the gathering of such food by the mother or nurse.

    448

    The feeding habits of the adult may agree with that of the larva, or differ, as in the case of wasps which feed their grubs on flies, but eat principally vegetable food themselves.

    449

    The female, instead of provisioning her burrow with a supply of food that will suffice the larva for its whole life, brings fresh flies with which she regularly feeds her young.

    450

    Yet it may be thought that the usual instinct of the " diggingwasps " to capture and store up food in an underground burrow for the benefit of offspring which they will never see is even more surprising.

    451

    The " tongue," for example, is short and obtuse or emarginate in Colletes and Prosopis, while in all other bees it is pointed at the tip. But in Andrena and its allies it is comparatively short, while in the higher genera, such as A pis and Bombus, it is elongate and flexible, forming a most elaborate and perfect organ for taking liquid food.

    452

    Their chief food is grass and seeds, but they also consume roots.

    453

    Probably the two terms were not originally distinguished; but usually both in Homer and in later writers nectar is the drink and ambrosia the food.

    454

    On the other hand, in Alcman nectar is the food, and in Sappho and Anaxandrides ambrosia the drink.

    455

    Roscher (Nektar and Ambrosia, 1883; see also his article in Roscher's Lexikon der Mythologic) nectar and ambrosia were originally only different forms of the same substance - honey, regarded as a dew, like manna, fallen from heaven, which was used both as food and drink.

    456

    The point of the rostrum is pressed against the surface to be pierced; then the stylets come into play and the fluid food is believed to pass into the mouth by capillary attraction.

    457

    The young Heteropteron is hatched from the egg in a form not markedly different from that of its parent; it is active and takes food through all the stages of its growth.

    458

    His largesses, his distributions of food, his public works, and his spectacles were all on a generous scale.

    459

    Special encouragement was given to merchants to import articles of food.

    460

    The tanning, currying and finishing of leather ranks second in importance, with a gross product ($10,250,842) 9% greater than that of 1900, and constituting about one-fourth of the gross factory product of the state in 1905; and the manufacture of food products ranked third, the value of the products of the fruit canning and preserving industry having more than doubled in the decade 1890-1900, but falling off a little more than 7% in 1900-1905.

    461

    Barley was largely the food of the poor."

    462

    The connexion between variations of current strength and the conditions of existence and distribution of plankton are no less important, especially as they act directly or indirectly on the life-conditions of food fishes.

    463

    Their food is various, consisting of berries, seeds and insects.

    464

    Next in importance is the manufacture of dairy products, the value of which in 1900 was $15,846,077 (an increase of 50.3% in ten years) and in 1905 was $15,028,326; at both censuses the state ranked third in the value of cheese, butter, and condensed milk and of food preparations, which were valued at $6,934,724 in 1905.

    465

    From the omasum the food is finally deposited in the abomasum, a cavity considerably larger than either the second or third stomach, although less than the first.

    466

    It is that part of the digestive apparatus which is analogous to the single stomach of other Mammalia, as the food there undergoes the process of chymification, after being macerated and ground down in the three first stomachs.

    467

    The imports are chiefly articles of food, textiles, and metals and hardware.

    468

    In the medieval Church there were seven "corporal" and seven "spiritual works of mercy" (opera misericordiae); these were (a) the giving of food to the hungry and drink to the thirsty, the clothing of the naked, the visitation of the sick and of prisoners, the receiving of strangers, and the burial of the dead; (b) the conversion of sinners, teaching of the ignorant, giving of counsel to the doubtful, forgiveness of injuries, patience under wrong, prayer for the living and for the dead.

    469

    The favourite food of the American beaver is the water-lily (Nuphar luteum), which bears a resemblance to a cabbage-stalk, and grows at the bottom of lakes and rivers.

    470

    If foodstuffs are to be employed it must be possible to grow them in excess of food requirements, and at a cost low enough to ensure that the price of the alcohol shall be about the same as that 1 The lower calorific value plus the latent heat of evaporation at constant volume.

    471

    Investigations started in 1920 by the British Government, in connexion with the production of alcohol for power purposes, have shown, however, that there are large areas of suitable land in the British Empire where the cost of production would be comparatively low, and where it might be possible to grow vegetable substances in excess of food requirements, and in sufficient quantities to produce alcohol for local consumption to replace expensive petrol.

    472

    The steps along which plant and animal domestication passed upwards in artificiality are graphically illustrated in the aboriginal food quest.

    473

    Capture begins among the lower tribes with the hand, without devices, developing knack and skill in seizing, pursuing, climbing, swimming, and maiming without weapons; and proceeds to gathering with devices that take the place of the hand in dipping, digging, hooking and grasping; weapons for striking, whether clubs, missiles or projectiles; edged weapons of capture, which were rare in America; piercing devices for capture, in lances, barbed spears, harpoons and arrows; traps for enclosing, arresting and killing, such as pens, cages, pits, pen-falls, nets, hooks, nooses, clutches, adhesives, deadfalls, impalers, knife traps and poisons; animals consciously and unconsciously aiding in capture; fire in the form of torches, beacons, burning out and smoking out; poisons and asphyxiators; the accessories to hunting, including such changes in food, dress, shelter, travelling, packing, mechanical tools and intellectual apparatus as demanded by these arts.

    474

    Zootechnic products include food, clothing, ornaments, habitations, weapons, industrial tools, textiles, money, &c.

    475

    Here, owing to a dry climate, are the dead, clad and surrounded with food, vessels, tools and art products, as in life.

    476

    A prayer was said to the Lar every morning, and at each meal offerings of food and drink were set before him; a portion of these was placed on the hearth and afterwards shaken into the fire.

    477

    The principal crops are millet, rice, other food grains, pulse, oil-seeds, cotton and indigo.

    478

    The ministers received food and clothing from the contributions of the people, but also worked with their hands; the result of this was that they were very ignorant, and also were grasping after bequests from the dying.

    479

    Lampreys, especially the sea-lamprey, are esteemed as food, formerly more so than at present; but their flesh is not easy of digestion.

    480

    Menhaden are caught in much larger quantities in New York than any other fish, but being too bony for food they are used only in the manufacture of oil and fertilizer.

    481

    The most valuable catches of food fish in 1904 were those of bluefish ($556,527), squeteague ($212,623), flounders ($67,159), eels ($53,832), cod ($52,710), scup ($48,068) and shad ($36,826).

    482

    Personal property consisting of necessary household furniture, working tools and team of horses, professional instruments and a library, not exceeding $250 in value, besides the necessary food for the team for ninety days, provisions for the family, wearing apparel, wages or other income not exceeding $12 a week, and several other things, when owned by a householder or person providing for a family, are also exempt from seizure for debt, unless the debt be for purchase money or for services performed in the family by a domestic.

    483

    Till within recent times barley formed an important source of food in northern countries, and barley cakes are still to some extent eaten.

    484

    It prevented food supplies from southern Russia reaching the peoples of western Europe who needed them.

    485

    As some compensation for its paucity of useful animals and food plants, New Zealand was, of course, free from wild carnivora, has no snakes, and only one poisonous insect, the katipo, a timid little spider found on certain sea-beaches.

    486

    Apart from gold-mining, coal-mining and gum-digging, the industries are still mainly the growing of food and raw material; and the occupation of the land is easily the chief of all economic questions.

    487

    On the ground this bird runs nimbly, and is nearly always engaged in searching for its food, which is wholly animal.

    488

    Among the rocks on the side of the valley opposite the palace he found a cave in which he took up his abode, unknown to all except one friend, Romanus, a monk of a neighbouring monastery, who clothed him in the monastic habit and secretly supplied him with food.

    489

    His monks were allowed proper clothes, sufficient food, ample sleep. The only bodily austerities were the abstinence from flesh meat and the unbroken fast till mid-day or even 3 P.M., but neither would appear so onerous in Italy even now, as to us in northern climes.

    490

    For children it may be mixed with common salt and the two be used with the food without the child being conscious of any difference.

    491

    In this way the plant is supplied with nitrogenous food from the animal kingdom.

    492

    The chief crop is mealies, the staple food of the natives; wheat, oathay, Kaffir corn and oats coming next.

    493

    After Liao-Yang there were no extended operations, the area of conflict being confined to the plain of the coast side of the Hun-ho and the fringe of the 1 As regards food and ammunition, the resources of the defence were not by any means exhausted, and General Stessel and other senior officers of the defence were tried by courts-martial, and some of them convicted, on the charge of premature surrender.

    494

    The tour contains much minute information about roads, food, travelling, &c., but the singular condition in which it exists and the disappearance of the MS. make it rather difficult to use it as a document.

    495

    The bones of the animals consumed as food at this station were found in such numbers that 5 tons were collected in the construction of a watercourse which crossed the site.

    496

    Their food was nutritious and varied, their dwellings neither unhealthy nor incommodious.

    497

    He had a chance, however, of obtaining the gift, or at least of eating the food and drinking the water which makes the gods ageless and immortal.

    498

    The central authorities, which as early as the 18th century worked together in a common mother cell of the State chancery, became differentiated so soon as the growing tasks of administration called for specialization; in 1869 there were seven departments, and in the concluding decade of the Austrian Empire there were set up Ministries of Labour, Food, Public Health and Social Care.

    499

    By agreement with the Ministry of the Interior, as soon as the reserve exceeded by io% the working capital (which was partly in shares, partly in bank advances) the company was to sell food under cost price; and this actually happened.

    500

    In warmer seas many other kinds of prawns are caught for food.