Although diarrheal fluids deplete a number of electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium), the main concern in avoiding shock is replacing sodium and water.
Although eating chicken is a known risk factor, drinking water and eating salads have not been considered significant risks until studies of causes released in 2003 showed possible association with Campylobacter diarrheal infections.
And there has been enormous progress in fighting river blindness, guinea worm, diarrheal diseases, and others.
Children with minimal dehydration weighing less than 10 kilograms (22 pounds) should be given 60 to 120 mL (2-4 ounces) of an oral rehydration solution (ORS) for each episode of vomiting or diarrheal stool.
Diarrheal diseases and related sodium and potassium deficiencies are responsible for about two million infant deaths each year worldwide.
Diarrheal diseases are also a major world health problem, and may be a cause of malnutrition.
Group C rotavirus has been associated with rare cases of diarrheal outbreaks in Japan and England.
In developing nations, diarrheal illnesses are a major source of mortality.
People with celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and other prolonged diarrheal illnesses develop nutritional deficiencies that diminish growth and immunity.
Symptoms related to any diarrheal illness are often those associated with any injury to the gastrointestinal tract, such as fever, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
The diarrheal infection of children is caused by the group A rotaviruses.