These are two decrees from the Caliph.
the future Umayyad Caliph Walid II,
The Caliph then asked him for some special advice.
Egyptian Caliph Ali az-Zahir was born 20. June 1005.(died
1036).
And do you believe that I'm the Caliph for real?
This‘Ali is my brother, my successor and my Caliph amongst you.
Where is the trust that the Caliph has entrusted you, Sultan?
Caliph Mahdi, who had lived here during the reign of his father.
During the Rashidun Caliphate, various welfare programs were introduced by Caliph Umar.
met in January 659 to discuss the selection of the new Caliph.
Ali endeavoured to protect companions from maltreatment by the Caliph such as Ibn Mas'ud.
and the future Caliph Uthman stayed behind to care for his sick wife Ruqayyah,
was killed by the forces of the second Umayyad Caliph Yazid I at Karbala.
Mūsā ibn Shākir was an astrologer, and a friend of Caliph Harun al-Rashid's son, al-Ma'mun.
The two armies finally
agreed to settle the matter of who should be Caliph by arbitration.
You're eluding the Caliph in Istanbul while you have your eyes on the Persian throne.
He was sent to the Abbasid Caliph as a prisoner and was executed in 902.
As"Sheikh of the translators" he was placed in charge of the translation work by the Caliph.
to depose both Ali and Muawiyah and submit the selection of the new Caliph to a Shura.
Uqba(died 758) recorded that Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab exiled the Jews and
Christians of Khaybar to Jericho and Tayma.
Some believed that consensus must choose the new leader;
others believed only the Prophet's descendants should become the Caliph.
The Caliph was not interested in science and moved away from rationalism,
seeing the spread of Greek philosophy as anti-Islamic.
There is its own“Trinity”: the unity of Allah, the Prophet Muhammad and
Shiite Ali ibn Abu Talib(“the fourth righteous Caliph”).
Sunnis assert that even though Muhammad never appointed a successor,
Abu Bakr was elected first Caliph by the Muslim community.
The creation of the
first astronomical observatory in the Islamic world was ordered by Caliph al-Mamun in 828 in Baghdad.
During the rule of the Caliph Abu Bakr from 632 to 634,
no major offensives were taken into Byzantine land.