Prophet Muhammad(PBUH)
was born among the prestigious tribe of Arabs known as“Quraysh”.
In 616 the Quraysh declared a trade boycott against the Hashim clan.
Quraysh helped Banu Bakr with men and arms,
taking advantage of the dark night.
Muhammad intended to assemble and attack the Quraysh using the element of surprise.
The Quraysh attacked the Muslims with swords and bows,
and the Muslims charged the Quraysh's positions.
They were stopped at Hudaibiya, Quraysh(a local tribe)
refused entry to the Muslims who wished to perform the pilgrimage.
With the help of the exiled Banu Nadir, the Quraysh military leader Abu Sufyan mustered
a force of 10,000 men.
During the early years of Muhammad's life, the Quraysh tribe he belonged to became a dominant force in western Arabia.
With the help of the exiled Banu Nadir, the Quraysh military leader Abu Sufyan had
mustered a force of 10,000 men.
After the incident, Quraysh sent a delegation to Muhammad,
petitioning to maintain the treaty with the Muslims and offering material compensation.
In 693 CE, ʿAbdu l-Malik had the remnants of al-Zubayr's Kaaba razed, and rebuilt on the foundations set by the Quraysh.
The Quraysh tried to stop him digging in that spot,
but his son Al-Ḥārith stood guard until they gave up their protests.
In 628 the Meccan tribe of Quraysh and the Muslim community in Medina signed a 10
year truce called the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah.
The Quraysh pursued them to the port of Shuaibah by the Red Sea to capture them,
but their vessels had left the shore.
They were stopped at Hudaibiya, Quraysh(a local tribe to which Muhammad belonged)
refused entry to the Muslims who wished to perform the pilgrimage.
But Wilferd Madelung rejects their judgment due to the
fact that Ali did not have the Quraysh's support to be elected as a caliph.
News of Uthman's safety allowed for negotiations to continue, and a treaty
scheduled to last ten years was eventually signed between the Muslims and Quraysh.
In April 626 Muhammad raised a force of 300 men and 10 horses to meet the Quraysh army of 1,000 at Badr for the time.
In 630, this truce was broken when the Banu Bakr, allies of the Quraysh, attacked the Banu Khuza'a,
who had recently become allies of the Muslims.
News of Uthman's safety, however, allowed for negotiations to continue, and a treaty
scheduled to last ten years was eventually signed between the Muslims and Quraysh.
It was a key battle in the early days of Islam and
a turning point in Muhammad's struggle with his opponents among the Quraysh in Mecca.
According to the terms of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, the Arab tribes were given the option of joining either of the sides, the Muslims or Quraysh.
They believe that after the death of Mohammad any able, pious male of the Quraysh clan needed to succeed him instead of his cousin and son-in-law.
The Quran describes the force of the Muslim attack in many
verses, which refer to thousands of angels descending from Heaven at Badr to slaughter the Quraysh.
Abdul Muttalib told the Meccans to
seek refuge in the hills while he with some leading members of the Quraysh remained within the precincts of the Ka‘bah.
In December 629, on the eve of the Conquest
of Mecca, Muhammad sent Al-Zubayr and Ali to intercept a spy who was carrying a letter to the Quraysh.
The bulk of the Confederate armies were gathered by the Quraysh of Makkah, led by Abu Sufyan,
who fielded 4,000 foot soldiers, 300 horsemen, and 1,000-1,500 men on camels.
The Battle of Badr was a key battle in the early days of Islam and
a turning point in Muhammad's struggle with his opponents among the Quraysh in Mecca.
For example, many Muslim commentators and some Western scholars have interpreted the Surah 54:1-2 as
referring to Muhammad splitting the Moon in view of the Quraysh when they began persecuting his followers.