muawiyah in A Sentence

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    Muawiyah overpowered Egypt, Hijaz, Yemen and other areas.

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    Muawiyah's response to this argument is also interesting.

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    Muawiyah replied by mobilising his Levantine supporters

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    some have opined that this was Muawiyah's intention.

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    was Muawiyah's sister, to Muawiyah,

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    Muawiyah overpowered Egypt,

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    Muawiyah should not be entitled to appoint his successor

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    Muawiyah was extremely pleased and fulfilled his promise to him.

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    Muawiyah's armies used“Minjenique” machines to propel large stones onto enemy ramparts.

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    Under Muawiyah's governance the Syrian army became a major military force.

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    trying to keep aloof from political involvement for or against Muawiyah.

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    convinced Abu Musa Ash'ari that both Ali and Muawiyah should step down

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    at the instigation of Muawiyah and died in the year 670 CE.

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    According to Jafri, Muawiyah hoped to either force Hasan to come to terms;

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    Finally, Hasan was forced to make peace and to yield the caliphate to Muawiyah.

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    After which, Muawiyah gave him a blank paper with his seal at the bottom,

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    However, Jafri says, Muawiyah knew if Hasan was defeated and killed, he was still a threat;

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    Ali opened negotiations hoping to regain his allegiance, but Muawiyah insisted on Levant autonomy under his rule.

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    After the treaty with Hassan, Muawiyah ruled for nearly 20 years most of which were spent expanding the state.

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    The arbitration resulted in the dissolution of Ali's coalition and some have opined that this was Muawiyah's intention.

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    Although, Ali exchanged several letters with Muawiyah, he was unable to dismiss the latter, nor persuade him to pledge allegiance.

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    Amr ibn al-As convinced Abu Musa Ash'ari that both Ali and Muawiyah should step down and a new caliph be elected.

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    Ali opened negotiations with him with the hope of regaining his allegiance but Muawiyah insisted on Levant autonomy under his rule.

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    After which, Muawiyah gave him a blank paper with his seal at the bottom, inviting Hasan to write on it whatever he desired.

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    The First Fitna, 656-661, followed the assassination of Uthman, continued during the caliphate of Ali, and was ended by Muawiyah's assumption of the caliphate.

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    Abu Musa then proposed, and Amr agreed, to depose both Ali and Muawiyah and submit the selection of the new caliph to a Shura.

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    Amr supported Muawiyah, while Abu Musa preferred his son-in-law, Abdullah ibn Umar, but the latter refused to stand for election in default of unanimity.

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    Muawiyah replied by mobilising his Levantine supporters and refusing to pay homage to Ali on the pretext that his contingent had not participated in his election.

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    According to Jafri, Muawiyah hoped to either force Hasan to come to terms; or attack the Iraqi forces before they had time to strengthen their location.

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    In the following years, Muawiyah's army occupied many cities of Iraq, which Ali's governors could not prevent, and people did not support him to fight with them.

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