Philosophers Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Karl Jaspers, Hans-Georg Gadamer,
and Jürgen Habermas served as university professors, as did also the
pioneering scientists Hermann von Helmholtz, Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, Emil Kraepelin, the founder of scientific psychiatry, and outstanding social scientists such as Max Weber, the founding father of modern sociology.
And Jean-Marc Ferry(1995, 2000), a political philosopher in the Habermas tradition, developed a plea for a UBI as a right
of citizenship at the level of the European Union, in a context in which he reckons full employment, conventionally understood, is forever out of reach and in which a“quaternary” sector of socially useful activities needs to be developed.