The kernel and Filesystems involved translate everything transparently.
Cannot find a program to create FAT Filesystems.
Cannot find a program to create ext2 Filesystems.
Cannot find a program to create UFS Filesystems.
Other Filesystems might be different, but they aren't supported on Windows anyway.
Note that in general it is not safe to run e2fsck on mounted Filesystems.
Some Filesystems have an archive bit for each file that says
it was recently changed.
Link across Filesystems: If you want to link files across the Filesystems,
you can only use symlinks/soft links.
Identification of changes Some Filesystems have an archive bit for each file that says
it was recently changed.
The existing King-of-the-Hill filesystem,“ext”(the current version called ext4) is pretty good- but it is limited, stuck in an old paradigm(think of a brand new F22 Raptor vs. an F4 Phantom with a half-jested
attempt at an equivalency upgrade) and is unlikely to be able to compete for very long with newer Enterprise Filesystems such as Oracle's ZFS.