Most debates about research ethics reduce to disagreements between consequentialism and Deontology.
Both consequentialism and Deontology offer important ethical insight,
but each can be taken to absurd extremes.
Finally, consequentialism and Deontology are ethical frameworks that have been
developed by philosophers for hundreds of years.
In essence, Deontology explains that lying is always wrong because if everyone lied,
human communications would break down entirely.
On the other hand, Deontology, which has roots in the work of Immanuel Kant,
focuses on ethical duties, independent of their consequences(Alexander and Moore 2015).
These four ethical principles of Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice, and Respect for Law and Public Interest are themselves largely derived from two more abstract ethical frameworks:
consequentialism and Deontology.